TUMORS OF THE BLADDER. 



Recorded cases of sarcoma (Mauri), carcinoma (Cadeac, 

 Hink, Friedberger), and tuberculosis can be adduced. Papilloma 

 is perhaps as frequent as any of 'the above. The author has 

 treated two cases of papilloma in mares complicated with multiple 

 small calculi and gravel. Treatment is exclusively surgical and 

 in the mare with the widely dilatable urethra this is .sometimes 

 possible through that channel. In the same animals diagyiosis 

 may be accomplished by introducing the finger into the urethra 

 and bladder. In other females and males, vaginal or rectal pal- 

 pation must be resorted to. 



VESICAL PARASITES. 



Eu.strongylus gigas. Dog, horse, man. 

 Trichosoma plicata. Dog. 

 CEstrus Hsemorrhoidalis. Mare. 



SPASM OF NECK OF BLADDER. 



Spasm of the cervix vesicas has been doubted, save as the re- 

 sult of local inflammation, yet it not uncommonly takes place in 

 horses and other animals in connection with irritation attendant 

 on the retention of urine during work, or in dogs during a period 

 passed indoors. Trouble and suffering continues, with ineffectual 

 efforts to micturate, but practically complete relief is secured by 

 catheterization or by a spontaneous abundant discharge. The 

 neurosis which leads to it is produced or aggravated at times by 

 enlarged pro.state, or lesions in the urethra. Intense fear may 

 cause it. 



Treatment. Remove cause. Give antispasmodics, valerian, 

 musk, bromides, chloral hydrate, opium, stramonium, hyoscya- 

 mus, codeine, etc., may be given as injections or suppositories. 

 For the horse spread the litter and soothe by whistle or song. Or 

 use the catheter and correct any local irritation. 

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