Chronic Conjunctivitis. 365 



otic, causing uneven swellings from infiltration in this region. 

 The lymph bodies or follicles in this part are swollen and project 

 as small red or grayish nodults visible when the eyelid is everted, 

 and at other times the whole infiltrated conjunctiva projects be- 

 tween the lids constituting the condition known as chemosis. 

 The papillae conjunctivae are also hypertrophied, so as to become 

 visible to the naked e3'e, and ulcers may be present on the mu- 

 cosa. The cornea is often clouded blue or milky, or it may have 

 become in part vascular and reddish, or even ulcerated. A more 

 or less abundant muco-purulent discharge is always present. 



Symptoms. The inflammation is usuall}' moderate in degree, 

 the eyes water witliout being habituall}- closed, the hairs are lost 

 from the cheek, which is habitually wet, the lids are swollen, and 

 like the cilia tend to stick together after sleep, and the whole 

 mucosa is visibly infiltrated and congested, but usually especially 

 at given points, as in the cnl de sac, on the lids or membrana 

 nictitans. Unless the animal has been treated with irritant 

 dressings, there is nuich less pain on manipulation than in acute 

 conjunctivitis. On everting the lids the folliculitis in the cid de 

 sac and the circumscribed swellings become apparent. The 

 membrana nictitans is partly projected over the cornea, and the 

 eyeball usually appears smaller by reason of its retraction within 

 the orbit. 



In cases of eczema, or demodectic mange, the lesions of the 

 skin of the eyelids will furnish the key to the trouble. 



Treatment. The first object must be to remove the cause 

 which tends to keep up the malad}'. Foreign bodies, musty hay 

 fed from high racks, dust}' roads, excess of light, windows in 

 unsuitable places, damp stalls or pastures, and local parasitism 

 must be corrected. In case of persistent chemosis keeping up 

 the inflammation, and which will not subside under the usual 

 astringent lotions, the hernial mucosa may be excised. (See 

 chemosis.) , 



The usual astringent lotions ma}' be employed, sulphate of zinc 

 (2 : 100), sulphate of copper (i : 200), alum (5 : 100), tannin 

 (10 : 100) to which may be added sulphate of atropia. In place 

 of being simply applied to the surface of the lids, or the cornea, 

 it is usually desirable to inject it into all parts of the cul de sac 

 beneath the upper and lower lids and beneath the nictitating 



