WOUNDS OF THE SCLERA. 



Covered as it is by tlie bones of the orbit, and by the palpebrse 

 the sclera is little liable to tratimatic lesions. Wounds with 

 swords, needles, nails, splinters of wood, and other sharp pointed 

 bodies are not unknown, however, and penetration by shot is es- 

 pecially common in setters. Rupture from blows of clubs, beams, 

 poles, stumps, etc., are also met with. 



The symptoms are profuse lachrymation with more or less 

 of blood, and when the eyelids are separated the wound may be 

 di.scovered and its gravity estimated by protrusion of the vitreous. 

 Slight injuries which are not infected heal readily under the 

 treatment recommended for keratitis. Infecting and penetrating 

 wounds are liable to cause panophthalmitis and destruction of 

 the eye. Foreign bodies, .if present, should be removed when 

 possible. Pyoktannin is especially recommended by Stilling. 



EPISCEERITIS. INFLAMMATION OF THE SCLERA. 



Scleritis in man is described as a manifestation of rheumatism, 

 gout, or tuberculosis. It occurs in animals in connection with 

 traumatic lesions, with iritis, cyclitis and choroiditis and is mani- 

 fested by more or le.ss congestion, swelling and tenderness of the 

 sclerotic, but is always subordinate in importance and the treat- 

 ment demanded is for the more serious disease. 



ECTASIA (BULGING) OF THE SCLERA. 



Cases of this kind are adduced by vSchleich and Mayer, in dogs, 

 in which there was a corresponding bulging or even an absence 

 (yColoboma) of the choroid and retina. With a large protrusion of 

 the sclera behind, there was a shrinkage of the front of the globe 

 {microphthalmos), so that an atrophy might be suspected. The 

 condition is irremediable. 



