552 Veterinary Medicine. 



neck and trunk with large bags containing a small amount of 

 chaff, sand or grain hot from an oven. Hot carminative or 

 alcoholic drinks are excellent adjuvants, and even sedatives or 

 nauseants (opium, veratrum, aconite, tobacco). Another resort 

 is to pass a hot smoothing iron an indefinite number of times over 

 the affected region. The part may be finally wrapped in cotton. 



In cases where the temperature runs high, on the other hand, 

 and when the surface glows, this dread of chill and reaction may 

 be dismissed. For the small animal a bath starting at 70° F. may 

 be gradually lowered to 60° or 50° F. Or a full pack may be 

 employed, a sheet wrung out of cold water being closely wrapped 

 around the body, and covered at all points with two or more dr}' 

 woolen blankets, care being taken to avoid the entrance of air and 

 the occurrence of evaporation from the inner, damp layer. This 

 cools the surface and the blood returning inwards, and in fifteen 

 or twenty minutes it should induce free perspiration. It may be 

 kept up twenty to thirty minutes and may be repeated as often as 

 there is a serious rise of temperature. A less energetic method is 

 the mere sponging of the surface with cold water. In all such 

 cases friction is a valuable accessory. 



Anodynes and revulsives are often applied to the affected parts 

 with good results. In very acute cases (especially articular), 

 lotions and liniments of salicylic acid or salicylate of soda with 

 laudanum, aconite, or chloral hydrate may be used. In the less 

 violent cases camphorated spirit, soap liniment, or a combina- 

 tion of essential oils (gaultherium, turpentine, cajeput, origanum, 

 peppermint) with aqua ammonia and sweet oil may secure great 

 relief. Mustard or essential oil of mustard in vaseline is an ex- 

 cellent alternate. Finally active cantharidine blisters are usually 

 most effective. These are applied over the affected joints or 

 muscles and if the inflammation shifts to other parts it is fol- 

 lowed up until it finally disappears. A concurrent alkaline 

 treatment, and more important still, absolute rest, will serve to 

 protect the heart to some extent, against a metastasis from the 

 exterior. It has been supposed that the beneficial action of the 

 blister is in ratio with tlie amount of exudate, and hence 

 cantharides has been highly esteemed in this connection. Fried- 

 berger and Frohner have used tincture of iodine and biniodide 

 of mercury. 



