Septicemia Hemorrhagica of Bovine Animals. 61 



Diagnosis. From anthrax (gloss anthrax) this affection is 

 easily distinguished by the absence from the blood and exudates 

 of the large, square ended anthrax bacillus, by the absence of en- 

 largement and blood engorgement of the spleen, and of the soft- 

 ness and difHuence of the blood clot which characterize anthrax. 

 Swine which are with difficulty inoculated with anthrax are very 

 susceptible to hsemorrhagic septicaemia. Sheep which are very 

 receptive to anthrax are somewhat refactory to the disease now 

 in hand. Pigeons resist anthrax but readily contract septicaemia 

 hemorrhagica. 



From black quarter it is readily distinguished by the absence of 

 emphysema and crepitation and of a secondary cooling in the 

 external swellings, by the presence of the germ in abundance in 

 the blood, by its smaller size, its bipolar staining, and its lack of 

 motility and of spores. Inoculation with black quarter bacillus 

 kills the guinea pig, but spares the pigeon. 



From lung plague it is distinguished by the suddenness of its 

 attack and rapidity of its progress to a fatal issue ; by the usual 

 coincidence of skin and bowel lesions, while the lung plague affects 

 the chest only ; by its communicability to pigs, sheep, pigeons, 

 and even horses, which are all immune from lung plague ; and by 

 the usual absence of lung lesions of different ages, which are so 

 characteristic of lung plague. The abundance in the blood of the 

 cocco-bacillus with bipolar staining in haemorrhagic septicaemia is 

 characteristic. Lwig plague spreads slowly to exposed cattle, 

 but spares all other domestic animals. 



From Rinderpest r it is differentiated by the histor}' of its advent, 

 by the presence of the surface cedematous swellings, by the 

 absence of the whitish epithelial concretions on the mouth or 

 vulva, and of the deep dark portwine discolorations of the mucosae 

 of the mouth, rectum and vulva, and by the fact of its inocula- 

 bility on domestic animals generally. Rinderpest spreads rapidly 

 to all exposed ruminants, but spares pigs, rabbits, Guinea pigs, 

 horses and birds. 



From malignant oedema it differs in its inoculability on the 

 surface in place of subcutaneously only, in the presence of the 

 cocco-bacillus in the blood during life, whereas in malignant 

 oedema the germ is confined to the local lesion, in the absence of 

 crepitation, which may be present in the swelling of oedema, in 



