66 Veterinary Medicine. 



ined, the wool is easily torn out, the muscles are soft and wasted, 

 (the leg muscles may have practically disappeared ) , the bones stand 

 out at all points, the skin is pale, thin, bloodless and devoid of its 

 subcutaneous fat, (paper skin), there may be cedemas along the ven- 

 tral aspect of the body, pitting on pressure, and between the 

 branches of the lower j a w ( poked ) , the eyes are sunken , the con j unc- 

 tiva may be puffy and oedematous, but like the muzzle and mouth 

 they are pale and anaemic and the pulse is small, though the 

 excitement may have roused cardiac palpitations. The tempera- 

 ture varies from time to time often reaching 105 or 106 F. 

 There is liable to be a mucopurulent discharge from nose and 

 mouth especially noticeable during drinking. As the disease 

 advances the subject becomes weak, paretic, dull and stupid, 

 it remains down without interest enough to seek food, though 

 still eating if it is brought to it. The head is usually rested 

 on the flank, and the animal often lies so for days in a state 

 of semi-stupor without disposition or ability to rise, paretic 

 or paraplegic. Auscultation may sometimes detect a mucous 

 rale or crepitus, and percussion a flatness of sound over some 

 part of the lung. Chronic arthritis is an occasional symptom. 



Diagnosis. The symptoms closely resemble those of distoma- 

 tosis or strongylosis, and the disease is often complicated with 

 one or more of these, so that it may become difficult to judge 

 how much is due to the microbian infection and how much to the 

 helminthiasis. The presence, continuously or intermittently, of 

 the hyperthermia is almost pathognomonic of the operation of the 

 microbe. 



Acute Form. This has been particularly observed in the ewe 

 just after lambing, when the system is especially susceptible to 

 microbian invasion, and little able to cope with it. There are hot 

 ears, nose and feet, temperature of 104 to 106 F., accelerated 

 pulse and breathing, anorexia, ardent thirst, deeply congested 

 mucosae, colicy pains, pawing the ground, frothy or bloody diar- 

 rhoea, arched back, pendent head, ears and eyelids, muscular 

 trembling, albuminous urine, plaintive cries, dark red vaginal 

 discharge, mucopurulent or glairy nasal discharge, and death in 

 24 to 36 hours. Such animals may be in fair condition or even 

 fat, no time having been allowed for emaciation. 



