CONTAGIOUS PNEUMONIA IN THE HORSE. 



Synonyms. Definition. Historic notes. Accessory causes : youth, na- 

 tive susceptibility, inclement weather, exposed stables, nasal and bronchial 

 catarrh, sores as infection atria, lack of stable hygiene, crowding, underfeed- 

 ing, overwork, excitement, exhaustion, infection from stables, etc., conva- 

 lescents ; doctrine of recrudescence. Bacteriology : streptococcus pneumo- 

 niae contagiosa equi : pathogenic to mice, rabbits, and Guinea pigs. Cocco- 

 bacillus of Lignieres in early lesions. Lesions : bilateral, multiple foci, con- 

 gestion, consolidation, purulent, necrotic, infarction, sequestra in purulent 

 sacs, pleuritic effusion ; enlarged, congested liver with centres of degenera- 

 tion and necrosis. Congested spleen, kidneys, lymph glands and gastrointes- 

 tinal mucosa. Yellow mucosae, mahogany colored muscles. Incubation, 3 to 

 10 days. Symptoms : staring coat, early extreme hyperthermia, accelerated 

 pulse and breathing, cough, icteric mucosae, anorexia, dulness, defervescence 

 in 3 to 5 days ; convalesence in 10 days ; or prostration, swollen eyelids, 

 trembling or interrupted labored breathing, cough, nasal flow yellow, 

 multiple centres of percussion flatness, crepitation, rales ; urine scanty, yel- 

 low or reddish, albuminous, acid, alkalinity as a symptom ; throat symp- 

 toms, inhalation bronchitis, cardiac phenomena, swelling of legs, stupor, 

 trembling, staggering, vertigo, paresis. Course : duration 2 to 3 weeks, de- 

 fervesence. Fatal cases, toxin poisoning. Diagnosis : by age, history, 

 taTdy infection, prostration usually less than in influenza. Prognosis : grav- 

 ity depends on violence of attack, susceptibility, hygiene, treatment. Mor- 

 tality 1 to 20 per cent. Permanent lesions from sequestra, adhesions, car- 

 diac, hepatic, nervous or arthritic disease. Treatment : pure air, sunshine, 

 comfort, hygiene, pure water, rest, cold rectal injections, damp compresses, 

 hot bath, diaphoretics, expectorants, alkaline diuretics, antipyretics, heart 

 stimulants, derivatives, antiseptics, nerve sedatives, tonics. Prevention : 

 early removal, disinfection, quarantine new horses, disinfection of public 

 and sale yards and stables, certificates. Immunization : by a mild attack ; 

 serum-therapy. 



Synonyms. Ataxic or Adynamic Pneumonia ; Stable or Hos- 

 pital Pneumonia ; Pleuro-Pneumonia Contagiosa Equorum ; Con- 

 tagious Pleuro - Pneumonia ; Bilious Pneumonia ; Edematous 

 Pneumonia ; Brustseuche. 



Definition. An infectious adynamic type of pneumonia occur- 

 ring in horses, asses and mules, characterized by marked hyper- 

 thermia ; by infiltration of lung tissue, often bloody, infarcted 

 or caseated and usually circumscribed ; by a deep yellow discol- 

 oration of the visible mucosa and other white tissues ; and by 

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