1 62 Veterinary Medicine. 



sitting on the breast, convulsive tremblings, discharge of filmy or 

 frothy mucus by the nose or mouth, vomiting, hyperthermia 

 (io8° to ni° F. ), sighing, breathing, inflation of the crop, violet 

 colored comb, wattles and mucosae, great thirst and diarrhoea, at 

 first pnltaceous and light yellow, later glairy, green and fetid. 

 The feathers round the anus become soaked and matted with the dis- 

 charge. Temperature becomes subnormal, the patient falls and 

 is unable to rise, and finally dies in a stupor or convulsions, the 

 illness having lasted i to 3 days. 



Milder cases occurring chiefly towards the end of an outbreak 

 when the less susceptible animals only are left, or when the mi- 

 crobe has become less virulent, show a larger ratio of recoveries. 

 These show a lack of spirit and vigor, impaired appetite, 

 diarrhoea, emaciation, dulness, prostration, moping, ruffling of 

 the plumes, dark discoloration of the comb, and often swelling 

 of one or more important joints (femoro-tibial, etc.). These may 

 burst and discharge a reddish pus, or simply form dark or grayish 

 swellings. These cases may drag along for a week or more and 

 finally die in marasmus. The minute bacillus is not obtainable 

 from these (Lignieres). 



Cases inoculated in the pectoral muscles with only one or two 

 microbes usually have only a circumscribed slough, with loss of 

 condition, and after the elimination of the slough and the healing 

 of the sore the bird proves immune. 



Lesions. The alimentary canal is the main seat of morbid 

 changes. The intestinal walls, and especially the mucosa, have 

 points and patches of blood extravasation, extensive areas of 

 congestion with ramified redness, exudation and thickening. 

 The intestinal contents are watery, frothy, browned or blackened 

 by effused blood, and swarming with feiments including the 

 specific bacterium. The mucous surface is brownish or blackish, 

 and epithelial degeneration and desquamation with abrasions are 

 not uncommon especially on the summits of the duodenal folds 

 and villi. Croupous exudates and swelling or ulceration of the 

 follicles are met with. The lymph glands at the base of the 

 caecum are often enlarged and congested. The crop is full of 

 watery, pulpy, frothy or slimy contents, and its mucosa and that 

 of the pharynx may be deeply congested. 



Elsewhere the lesions suggest rather the action of destructive 

 toxins and the profound changes in the blood. Pericardium and 



