Contagions Abortion. 387 



from animals that cary the germ, but have become so tolerant of 

 it that they no longer themselves abort. 



9. New born animals brought in from other herds should be 

 sponged all over with one of the above-named disinfectant solu- 

 tions before being added to the herd. 



10. In case the breeding animals go to pasture, separate fields 

 should be furnished for the aborting and suspected ones and those 

 supposed to be sound. 



11. Breeding ewes, goats and sows should be excluded from 

 all pastures occupied by suspected herds or those under treatment. 

 The fields should further be cleared of rabbits as being susceptible 

 to the infection and capable of keeping it up and transmitting it. 



12. It is important to reserve the herd sires for the exclusive 

 use of the home herds. Where this cannot be done, disinfection 

 of the sheath and penis should be practised immediately after 

 each service. 



Attempts have been made at different times to destroy the 

 bacillus by subcutaneous or intermuscular disinfectant injections. 

 Bauer used in the cow a 2 per cent, solution of carbolic acid, of 

 which he injected two Pravaz syringefuls under the skin of the 

 flank every fortnight from the fifth to the seventh month. It 

 was rather unreasonable to expect much from 10 minims of car- 

 bolic acid once a fortnight, even apart from the fact that this 

 agent is converted into the inert sulphophenic acid in the body. 



Lignieres followed in the same line by injecting into the bodies 

 of the cervical or other muscles 10 cc (2^ drams) of a mixture 

 of terpinol one part, olive oil nine parts. This was injected dur- 

 ing pregnancy every second day for the first three months, every 

 third day for the second three months, and every fourth day for 

 two months. The claim for success is based on the alleged pre- 

 vention of second and third abortions in the same animals, and 

 this becomes rather shadowy when we consider that the rule with 

 cows is that they do not abort a second or third time. We have 

 met with veterinarians who claimed a splendid success with the 

 single injection of the terpinol. L,ignieres claims no such suc- 

 cess with his long-continued treatment, as he had a percentage of 

 abortions in every herd treated, and from first to last almost 

 every animal in each herd aborted once, or was sold nympho- 

 maniac. It is to be feared that the apparent immunity depended 

 mainly on that tolerance which comes early in nearly every case 

 to the aborting cow. 



