506 Veterinary Medicine. 



entire absence from adjacent fields which are free from ticks. 

 From paralytic rabies it is differentiated by the same conditions, 

 and as a rule by the absence of rabies from the district and of 

 any evidence of a bite. In tetanus the tonic persistent nature of 

 the spasms, the absence of paralysis, the marked spasms of the 

 muscles of the eye, and the usually isolated condition of the case 

 should prevent any confusion. Braxy is to be distinguished by 

 its emphysematous swellings near the surface of the body, and 

 by the comparative absence of hypergesthesia, spasm, or paralysis. 

 The carcass in braxy undergoes much more rapid decomposition. 

 Anthrax is more rapidly fatal, shows no such marked nervous 

 disorder, has a dark, nonoxygeuated and often incoagulable blood, 

 an enlarged sanguineous spleen, and the characteristic anthrax 

 bacilli. It attacks the larger herbivora as readily as the small. 



Lesions. The most constant and striking lesions are found in 

 the nerve centres. In many cases there have been found cerebral 

 meningitis, involving the choroid plexus (Fair, Hamilton, Klein, 

 Murray, McFadyean) with an encrease of the ventricular and 

 subarachnoid fluid (Murray, Hamilton, Williams). The exudate 

 may be yellow or rosy from contained blood globules (Klein). 

 The meninges are thickened and the seat of ramified redness. 

 In the region of the spine inflammation is found not only in the 

 meninges but also in the cord, which may be blood-stained, soft- 

 ened (Mathewson, Goodwin, Robertson), or in older cases in- 

 durated (Robertson, Hamilton, Williams, Young). In this last 

 condition there is a sclerotic condition of the neuroglia, and it 

 may be a distinct atrophy. The exudate is usually abundant 

 and more or less coagulated into a soft, diffluent jelly. 



In many cases there is inflammation of the serous membranes 

 of the chest (pleura, pericardium, endocardium), and even of the 

 lungs (Fair, Hamilton, Klein). In some instances there has 

 been inflammation of the stomach and intestines (McFadyean), 

 liver and kidneys (Klein), and enlargement of the spleen has 

 been noted. The most constant lesions appear to be those of the 

 nerve centres, but the wide variety of organs involved in dif- 

 ferent cases sufficiently accounts for the variability of symptoms. 



Prevention. As the ticks are the chief media of infection, the 

 disease may be eradicated by their destruction. The burning of 

 all withered grass and brush during the winter months will do 



