Protozoan Cattle Fever. Texas Fever. Palndism of Cattle. 553 



enced largely by the abundance of red globules in the blood when 

 the animal was attacked, by the rapid destruction of these 

 globules, and the saturation of the blood and tissues with haemo- 

 globin in solution. The presence of ticks on the skin, especially 

 along the ventral aspect, inside of the thighs, on the scrotum, 

 udder or perineum, sufficiently explains the number of minute 

 infiltrations into the derma, the oozing of blood or serum, and the 

 matting of the hairs into little tufts. 



The pale, watery condition of the blood was recognized as one of 

 the most constant features in 1868, together with the disappear- 

 ance of the red globules. The clot is remarkably soft and, at the 

 crisis of the disease, the serum is of a reddish hue by reason of 

 the haemoglobin in solution. When, however, the urine is no 

 longer stained, the haemoglobin having been eliminated, the 

 serum assumes its normal pale amber hue. For the first counting 

 of the red globules in this disease we are indebted to the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry. The average count in healthy cattle ap- 

 proximated to 6,000,000 per mm. of blood, and in three days this 

 would descend to 4,000,000, 3,000,000, 2,000,000 or even 1,183,- 

 000. The rates of decrease was \ to \ of the entire number in 

 one day. In case of recovery the repair of the red globules was 

 slow, from one to two months being required to bring them up to 

 the normal standard. Lignieres claims recoveries after the count 

 had gone as low as 300,000 per mm., and in fatal cases, a few 

 hours before death, it may be but 31,000 per mm. 



In high conditioned animals, with high fever often aggravated 

 by travel, the muscles may be dark and firm, but in those out of 

 condition and in the advanced anaemic stages of the disease the 

 muscles are pale, and there may be sub-cutaneous oedema below 

 the chest and belly. These last features are especially noted by 

 Smith and Kilborne. 



The lungs are usually normal. Sometimes limited congestions, 

 punctiform petechias, emphysema and small areas of oedema or 

 hepatization are noticed (Smith and Kilborne). 



The pericardium contains a little bloody serum and is marked 

 by petechiae. 



The left heart is usually empty, but the right heart full of fluid, 

 or later, of clotted blood, in the latter case without buffy coat. 

 The endocardium, and especially on the musculi papillaris, is 



