560 Veterinary Medicine. 



weak on their limbs, careless of food, and encreasingly emaciated. 

 The pulse is weak and irritable and the eyes sunken. The tem- 

 perature becomes normal or nearly so, soon after the suspension 

 of the hemoglobinuria. In cases of recovery there remains for 

 a month or more an unnatural pallor, with marked loss of con- 

 dition and weakness which are only gradually overcome. Con- 

 valescent animals are liable to die of indigestion when overfed. 



The mortality averages not less than 90 per cent, in susceptible 

 mature cattle from a healthy district in the hot season. Later, 

 from October onward, the tendency is to a milder type of disease 

 and a greater ratio of recoveries. 



Symptoms of the Mild Type. This is seen mainly in cattle in- 

 digenous to the Texas fever district, in sucking calves, and in 

 mature cattle from healthy districts but attacked during the cool 

 or winter season. It can be produced at will by placing a limited 

 number of ticks (5 to 20) on the skin of susceptible cattle, 

 especially in the cool season. Again, it occurs as a relapse in 

 cattle that have survived an attack earlier in the season. 



Though there are all gradations from the violent type, yet we 

 may set down as mild all cases in which the temperature does not 

 rise above 105 F., running frequently about 103 F. There is 

 loss of appetite, dulness, languor, costiveness, scanty urine, al- 

 buminous but not haemoglobinuric, pallor of the mucosae, and 

 marked loss of condition. Examination of the blood shows the 

 presence of the parasite in the red globules but usually in the 

 coccus or round form only, and the destruction and disappearance 

 of the globules is much less marked so that, though the blood is 

 anaemic and watery, it is not nearly so much so as in the violent 

 and fatal cases. Without the examination of the blood it may be 

 impossible to distinguish these cases from other febrile affections, 

 yet occurring as they do in the infected district in a number of 

 animals at once, in the cooler season, and showing albuminuria, 

 and marked anaemic symptoms, they should lead to suspicion 

 and a search for the boophilus on the skin, and the oligocythemia 

 and the protozoa in the blood. 



Differential Diagnosis from Anthrax. As anthrax is the one 

 disease with which Texas fever is most likely to be confounded, 

 it may be profitable to collect in tabular form their differential 

 features : 



