Protozoan Ictero-luzmaturia in Sheep, etc. 573 



carbolic acid, or secluded in a well fenced enclosure from Febru- 

 ary 1 st to November 15th of each year. This is made the duty 

 of the stock yard companies. 



Cattle ma)' be freely moved north from the infected area at 

 any time from November 1st to December 31st, if inspected by an 

 officer of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture and found free from 

 infection. 



Provision is also made for sending infected cattle northward at 

 any season, if they have been first dipped and pronounced free 

 from the disease by an inspector of the department. 



Cattle from Mexico are admitted under analogous rules. 



PROTOZOAN ICTERO HEMATURIA IN SHEEP. PA- 

 LUDISM OF SHEEP. CARCEAG. 



This is described by Babes and Starcovici as prevailing among 

 sheep in the delta of the Danube, and held by them to be identi- 

 cal with the Roumanian Haemoglobinuria of cattle (compt. rend, 

 de l'Acad. des Sciences, 1892). Its essential cause is a piro- 

 plasma affecting the red blood globules, and very analogous 

 to that of the protozoon of Texas fever, but its especial election 

 for the sheep shows a specific difference, inasmuch as the Texas 

 cattle fever does not attack sheep. Not only the parasite, but 

 the symptoms and lesions as well, furnish a close counterpart to 

 those of the cattle infection. It remains to be seen whether the 

 pathogenic difference is due to a distinction in the piroplasma or 

 to the absence from the Southern States of America of the par- 

 ticular tick or other insect which attacks the Danubian sheep. 



Bonome (1895, Virchovv's Archives) describes the same 

 disease as prevailing in Italy, describing the parasite and lesions 

 at great length. 



Finally my colleague Dr. W. D. Williams, and later Dr. 

 Knowles, have identified the disease in the upper part of Deer 

 Dodge Valley and the lower part of Silver Bow Valley in Mon- 

 tana, prevailing among sheep only, extending year by year, and 

 proving disastrous to the sheep husbandry. Sheep were intro- 

 duced into these valleys as early as 1875, but it was only in 1891 

 that the flock masters recognized the existence of this disease. 



