LUNG PLAGUE OF CATTLE. 



Synonyms. Definition : infectious, cattle fever, with long incubation, in- 

 sidious onset, excessive pulmonary exudation, infarctions and sequestra. 

 History : ancient, modern ; England, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, United 

 States, — its extinction in 1887 to 1892 — Massachusetts, New Jersey, S. Africa- 

 Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand. Causes : contagion only. Bacteriolo- 

 gy : Nocard's organism cultivated in collodion capsules in vivo, as actively 

 motile refrangent points, morphology uncertain. Modes of transmission, 

 exhalations from sick inhaled by susceptible, ingestion of infected food, 

 pastures, watering troughs, ponds, commingling of herds, attendants, deal- 

 ers, stables, manure, unrestricted commerce, convalescent cattle, breed, hot 

 seasons. Desions : profuse exudation in lymph net-works of lungs, marbling, 

 parenchymatous cell proliferation, compression and grangrene of lobulets, 

 thrombi, sequestra, infarction, fibroid sac, or stalactite-like fibroid peribron- 

 chial formations, hepatization, pleural effusions and false membranes, peri- 

 cardial, bronchial, lymph glands congested. Incubation : 6 to 30 days, pro- 

 tracted cases, bearing on quarantine. Symptoms : conditions affecting 

 gravity, breed, excitement, heat, chill, susceptibility, usually insidious, in- 

 frequent cough, roused by cold water, dusty food, exertion, etc., hurried 

 breathing when driven, slight auscultation rales, hyperthermia (103 to 108 

 F. ), dulness, anorexia, suppression of milk, stiffness, no pandiculation, 

 troubled breathing, auscultation, and percussion signs of extensive consoli- 

 dation, tenderness of chest walls, in bad cases stands obstinately, head ex- 

 tended, mouth open, tongue protruded, grunts with expiration, heavy breath, 

 nostrils dilated, nasal and buccal discharge, rapid emaciation, fcetid diar- 

 rhoea, erect hair, pale, scurffy, adherent skin, varied chest rales, abortion. 

 Mild in winter, severe in summer. Loss of one-third or one-half weight in 

 one week. Chronic cases, fibroid and necrotic changes, sequestra. Diag- 

 nosis : Anamnesis, inoculation : from tuberculosis by high fever, rapid, ex- 

 tensive infiltration, early succession of new cases, failure to react under tu- 

 berculin, absence of tubercles; from bronchitis and pulmonary strongylosis, 

 by the succession of cases in place of many at once, the extensive exuda- 

 tion, the evident cause (exposure or infected place), and by the lesions; 

 from fibrinous pneumonia, by absence of climatic cause, the more extensive 

 consolidation, more troubled breathing, and coexistence of old and recent 

 lesions ; from infectious pneumonia by the greater area consolidated, more 

 exalted hyperthermia, more marked dyspnoea, the absence of white points 

 of alveolar cell proliferation, and by the old and recent lesions ; from septi- 

 cosmia hemorrhagica, by its occurrence at all seasons, on all soils, by the 

 absence of sanguineous sw r ellings at other parts, by the absence of cocco- 

 bacillus from the exudate, and by its non-inoculability on sheep, horses, 

 pigs and rodents ; from needle in pericardium, by its epizootic prevalence, 

 fever, and the absence of preliminary gastric and later cardiac, morbid phe- 



