648 Veterinary Medicine. 



be provided to be used in succession, as they become one by one 

 contaminated. 



Nocard confines his instructions to the antisepsis of parturition 

 and of the offspring : 



" Cows ready to calve should be provided with dry and clean 

 bedding until after the birth of the calf." 



"As soon as labor sets in, the vulva, anus and perineum 

 should be cleaned with a tepid solution of lysol in rain water : 

 20 grammes of lysol to each litre of water. The vagina should 

 also be cleansed by injecting with a large syringe a great quantity 

 of the same solution tepid." 



" As far as possible the calf should be received on a clean cloth 

 or on a thick fresh bedding, not soiled by urine or faeces." 



" The cord should be tied immediately after birth, with a liga- 

 ture kept in a lysol solution, and the cord amputated below the 

 ligature." 



" The stump of the cord and the umbilicus should be washed 

 with the following solution : 



Rain water 1 litre. 



Iodine crystals 2 grammes. 



Potassium iodide 2 grammes." 



"The disinfection of the umbilicus and cord should be com- 

 pleted by coating them with 



Methylic alcohol 1 litre. 



Iodine crystals 2 grammes." 



"When the alcohol has evaporated the cord and umbilicus 

 should be covered with a thick layer of iodine collodion ( 1 per 

 cent.) applied with a brush. When the collodion has dried the 

 calf may be left to the care of the dam." 



This treatment may be changed by substituting other antisep- 

 tics, and by prompt separation of the calf from the infected stable 

 and dam. It is also important to disinfect thoroughly and often 

 the cow- stable and calf-pen, to remove instantly any calf that 

 may show signs of scouring or general disorder and to purify its 

 pen and leave it unoccupied for some time. 



It should be added that the period of danger is in the first few 

 days after birth, and while the umbilicus is still unhealed. If 

 scouring should come on later it is much more amenable to treat- 

 ment. A seclusion of the calf for one week is usually sufficient 

 to secure its escape. 



