177 

 or ring. A second person is very tiecessary 

 with a whip, to correct his stubbornness. 

 After he has been exercised in this way till he 

 goes freely, a roller is put on his back, with a 

 hook in the centre to fasten the snaffle reins, 

 having a ring en each side to which to fix the 

 side-straps, one of which is only fastened at 

 a time, namely, the strap towards the centre 

 of the circle on which he is exercised ; but 

 should he be inclined to keep his head too much 

 that way, the other must be fastened also, in 

 order to keep it straight. As soon as he 

 moves with freedom in all his paces, another 

 apparatus is to be fixed on his back. First the 

 manege saddle, with or without fastening the 

 side-strap, as the horse requires it; and, in- 

 stead of fixing the side-straps of the cavison 

 to the saddle, as was formerly the custom, a 

 strong cross of wood is used, with eight 

 buckles, two above and two below on each 

 side •, four of the buckles with straps for the 

 side reins, which are at one end^ and fastened 

 to the rings of the snaffle bit, are fixed at the 

 four extremities of the cross, and the other 

 four near the centre, with straps and buckles 

 IS 



