Genera and Species of Starfishes. 15 



good in tliis genus. P. sleineni (Studer), P. loveni (?e\-.), 

 and P. spinosa, Per., are other Antarctic species. 



Pcedasterias, Verrill. Type, P. chirophora, Ludwig, 1903, 

 p. 43, pis. v.-vii. — This is another reniarkal)le paido[)horic 

 genus from Antarctic waters. It is nionacanthid with de- 

 generate skeh'tal plates, covered with a thick dermis and 

 bearing large felipedal pedicellarire. It carries its young in 

 large groups, like miniature clusters of grapes. These have 

 been wtdl described by Ludwig. 



Sporasteri'as, Perrier, 189G. Type, S. ritgispina, St, — 

 Tiiis is a monacanthid pa3doj)horic genus, with a reticulated 

 dorsal skideton not covered by a thick dermis. The species 

 are Antarctic. Besides the tyf)e, it includes S. riipicola^ 

 Verrill; S. antarctica (Liitk.) ; S.perrieri (Smith), 6-rayed ; 

 and various nominal species, mostly referable to S. antarctica. 



Anasterias, Perrier (type, A. miniita, Per., 1S7">). Lt/sa- 

 sterias, Fisber (1908, p. 88). 



This genus incluth's several paerlophoric, monacanthid, 

 Antarctic species, with a partially abortive dorsal skeleton, 

 covered with a thick dermis. Besides the type, which was 

 very young, it includes A. studei i [i^er.) ; A. verrillii (Bell) ; 

 A. lactea (i^ud.) ; A. helgicce, Lud., 1903, p. 51 ; A. ienera 

 (Koehler, 1905 j ; A. lysasttria, Verrill = -i4. perrieri, Stud., 

 non Smith. 



Cryptasterias, Veriill. Type, C. turqnetij Koehler (as 

 Dipfasterias, 1905, p. 465). — This Antarctic genus has a 

 reticulated dorsal skeleton, entirely concealed by a thick 

 dermis, bearing papillas enclosing rudimentary spines. It 

 is diplacanthid, and is thought to be pffidophoric. 



Stichaster, ]MuUer & Troschel, 1840. Type, S. striatus, 

 M. & Tr., 1840 {non Asterias striatus, Lam.) = Asterias 

 aurantiaca, Meyen, 1834 [non Linn.). 



This genus, when proposed, was monotypic and based on 

 the well-known Peruvian species usually called S. aurantiacus. 

 The latter name is not tenable, because preoccupied by 

 Linn^, and thus s^/7'a/?<s becomes the valid name. Stichaster 

 has priority over Tonia, Gray, 1840, applied to the same 

 type. Perrier (1894, p. 121, and 1896, p. 27) was in error 

 as to the restriction of the genus to the ty[ e of Asterias 

 rosea of Europe, which was not mentioned when the genus 

 was first established. 



Therefore the latter requires a new generic name ; for it 



