of William John Burchell. 49 



to me." An examination of his Brazilian note-book proves 

 that he adopted the same excellent method in his later travels. 



In 1819 Burchell was called to give evidence before a 

 Committee of the House of Commons on the question of 

 emigration as a relief from pauperism. In his evidence, 

 which occupied nearly three hours, he advocated the suit- 

 ability of the Albany district in the easternmost part of Cape 

 Colony. In a few days the Committee reported, and a grant 

 of £50,000 was voted fortius purpose. Burchell then ampli- 

 fied and published his evidence in a pamphlet, ' Hints on 

 Emigration to the Cape of Good Hope ' (London, Aug. 1819). 

 This was savagely attacked in the ' Quarterly Review ' for the 

 following November, and Burchell replied in a sheet of four 

 pages bound into the first volume of his ' Southern Africa.' 

 Looking at the controversy from the standpoint of the present 

 day, there can be no doubt that Burchell was entirely right 

 and that the loyalty of the Grahamstown district, which has 

 shone so conspicuously during recent years, is in large part 

 the outcome of his wise advice. 



More than all the work described above, the arrangement 

 of his South-African collections and the preparation of the 

 two volumes on South Africa occupied Burchell's time until 

 he began to get ready for his next great journey. 



Of the five years in Brazil very little is known, mainly 

 because Burchell published nothing after his return. Hooker's 

 ' Botanical Miscellany' (vol. ii. 1831, pp. 128-133) contains 

 some very interesting extracts from his letters to Sir William 

 Hooker, and the life of Burchell in the ' Dictionary of 

 National Biography' (vol. vii. London, 1886, p. 290) also 

 has an excellent short account of these travels. 



Inasmuch as the Brazilian collections of insects &c. are far 

 more extensive than the African, and are, considering their 

 age and the vicissitudes through which they have passed, in 

 excellent condition, the following papers will be chiefly con- 

 cerned with them, and it becomes of the utmost importance to 

 show the exact route traversed by Burchell. This is clearly 

 shown by the map on the accompanying Plate III., prepared 

 from the data obtained by Miss Cora B. Sanders, of Lady 

 Margaret Hall, Oxford. The data were gained by a careful 

 study of Burchell's manuscript note-books at Oxford, and 

 especially the Index to the Localities of the Plants and 

 Insects. Miss Sanders was able to find many of the names 

 which have disappeared from modern atlases by an exami- 

 nation of the older maps of Brazil in the possession of the 

 Koyal Geographical Society. The numerous smaller villages, 

 halting-places, streams, &c. mentioned in the manuscript 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xiii. 4 



