SHRUBBERY AND SHRUBS 169 



such a thing as a shrub exists; regard the indi- 

 viduals only as components of a blossom-strewn, 

 colorful thicket. Look at them in the aggre- 

 gate; never separately. 



It is as a frame to the lawn spaces, hence as a 

 boundary planting usually, that the use of 

 shrubbery is satisfactorily possible on a small 

 place. Heretofore I have not laid emphasis upon 

 the point which must now be considered — a 

 point involving one of the great principles which 

 underlie all kinds of planting and garden ar- 

 rangement, namely the open center and massed 

 boundary — preferring to leave it until it was 

 arrived at naturally in the development of the 

 subject. In the disposal of shrubbery we first 

 come face to face with it, in close quarters. 

 Trees would have brought it if we had been con- 

 sidering places larger than the typical size to 

 which we are restricted, although trees need not 

 be quite as persistently shoved back to the 

 lawn's outer limits as shrubs. Indeed they can- 

 not be, if shade requirements are to be met, al- 

 though actually their distribution about a dwell- 

 ing to shade the ground from which heat re- 

 flects in summer, amounts really to a massed 

 boundary of one part of the lawn, when con- 

 sidered from the lawn's center. 



A tree or two or three may advance, however. 



