Appendix 



355 



Canna File holes in the seeds and 

 soak them m warm water for about a day 

 before sowing singly in pots under glass in 

 late winter. When six or eight inches tall, 

 transplant from two to six feet apart in any 

 soil, light and rich preferred. In autumn 

 dig up the clumps, dry them for a few days 

 in an open shed, and store in a warm, dry, 

 airy cellar. During winter divide the 

 clumps of desirable seedlings or of named 

 varieties, allowing at least one eye to each 

 piece, and plant in pots for transplanting 

 to the garden in late spring. These give 

 earliest effects. The divisions or the whole 

 clumps may be set direct in the garden, but 

 are later in producing effects. 



Cardinal Flower {Lobelia cardinalis) . 

 Sow seeds under glass in late winter, and 

 when a few inches tall transplant to moist 

 soil, especially on the borders of marshes and 

 streams. When once established they will 

 continue from year to year. Strong plants 

 may be divided; and vigorous, stocky shoots 

 may be used for greenwood cuttings. When 

 used in beds and borders, the plants should 

 stand at least eighteen inches apart. 



Cardiospermum. See Balloon-vine. 



Castor-oil Bean. Start seed in hotbed 

 singly in pots and transplant from four to ten 

 feet apart, when about six inches tall, after 

 danger of frost has past, or sow direct in 

 garden when soil becomes warm. Dry, rich, 

 deep soil is best. 



Catananche. Sow seeds in a mild hotbed 

 or greenhouse in early spring, transplant the 

 seedlings when about two inches tall, and 

 again to the garden when the weather becomes 

 settled. Seeds may also be planted where 

 the plants are to remain. Allow about 

 eighteen inches between plants. They do 

 well in light soil. 



Celosia. See Cockscomb. 



Centrosema. Sow seed in early spring, 

 choosing sandy soil where the plants are to 

 remain. Provide a wire trellis upon which 

 the vines may twine five or six feet. 



Chamomile. See Marguerite, Golden. 



Chionodoxa. See Glory of the Snow. 



Chrysanthemum {C. coronariiim) . Sow 

 the seed in a hotbed in early spring, and 

 when a few inches tall transplant about 

 twelve inches apart in ordinary soil. A later 

 sowing may be made where the plants are 

 to stand in the garden, the excess being 

 weeded out. Judicious pinching back tends 

 to make the plants more shapely. 



CiMiciFUGA. See Bugbane. 



Clarkia. For earliest bloom where winters 

 are mild sow seeds in early autumn ; for next 

 early, sow in earliest spring, and for suc- 

 cession sow when g ^und has become warm. 

 When about three inches tall transplant 

 about twelve inches apart in any soil. 



Clematis. Set nursery-grown plants in 



rich, light loam, provide trellis for the 

 climbing kinds, give annual applications of 

 manure, and mulch with Utter during winter. 

 Often the native species may be obtained 

 in the woods. Small plants should be 

 selected in such cases. Do not take them if 

 they are rare in your neighbourhood. 



Canterbury Bells. Sow seed in green- 

 house or hotbed in early spring; transplant 

 the seedlings as they need it and set in the 

 open ground after the weather has become 

 settled, allowing two feet apart in ordinarily 

 good soil. They may be expected to produce 

 some blossoms the first season, but are more 

 prolific in the following year. They are often 

 sown in the open ground, but in this case do 

 not usually blossom until the second season. 



CoBCEA scANDENS. Sow the Seed in late 

 winter and water sparingly till germination 

 is complete; transplant the seedlings when 

 about two inches tall to small pots and set them 

 in the open after danger of frost has passed. 

 Provide a twenty-foot wire trellis. Green- 

 wood cuttings in sandy soil and gentle heat 

 may be taken from plants growing in the 

 greenhouse. 



Cockscomb {Celosia). Sow seed in early 

 spring in a mild hotbed or greenhouse; trans- 

 plant the seedlings when about two inches 

 tall to small pots or flats, and when danger 

 of frost has passed set in the garden from 

 six to eighteen inches apart according to 

 variety. If the plants ever suffer for want 

 of water, they will drop their leaves. Plant 

 in light, rich, deep, moist soil. For winter 

 bloom sow in late summer. 



CoLEUS. Take cuttings from garden-grown 

 plants before danger of frost. When they 

 have struck root, which they do readily, 

 plant in good potting soil in small pots and 

 shift to larger ones as the plants require 

 room. They do best and have the most 

 brilliant colours in bright sunlight and warm 

 rooms or greenhouses. For outdoor planting 

 the cuttings are rooted in midwinter and the 

 plants brought forward to three- or four-inch 

 pots, from which they are set in the open 

 ground about a foot apart for the smaller 

 kinds and eighteen inches for the larger. 

 In a moderately rich sandy loam well-exposed 

 to the sun the plants develop the most 

 brilliant colours. In very rich soil they grow 

 larger, but lack brilliancy. 



CoLCHicuM. Plant bulbs three inches deep 

 in late summer or early autumn in light, deep, 

 rich sandy loam and give a mulch of leaves 

 or litter, which should be raked oft" in spring. 

 The autumn species make their foliage in 

 spring and bloom without leaves in August 

 and September. They should remain undis- 

 turbed until the flowers and foliage show 

 signs of failing. Then, after the foHage has 

 died down, they may be dug, divided, and 

 planted in new ground at the proper season. 



