TYPES OF STOVES AND FIREPLACES 



XHERE is a variety of types of camp stoves 

 and fireplaces, ranging from the simple types 

 shown in plate I, figures 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6, to 

 the elaborate and massive types shown on 

 plates XII and XIII. In addition, there are the 

 patented types of (a) fixed, (b) movable, and 

 (c) portable camp stoves, some of which are 

 used as assembled after shipment from the 

 source of supply, and others are used only 

 after being assembled and encased in masonry. 

 The simpler forms of fireplaces, similar to those 

 shown in plate I, are excellently adapted for 

 picnic use on the forest recreation areas and 

 especially on open areas, because these 

 simpler features are less conspicuous and more 

 natural in appearance. 



PATENTED STOVES 



(With ond Without Masonry Encosement) 



These stoves have a wide use, especially in 

 the more urban park areas. The type of porta- 

 ble stove shown in plate I, figure 2 (designed 

 to burn gasoline), is popular, especially where 

 adequate cooking facilities are not provided 

 on campground and picnic areas. This porta- 

 ble stove is often used where only fireplaces 

 are available and the camper desires a cleaner 

 and easier method of preparing food. These 

 stoves are easily carried in the automobile, 

 and with a few minutes of preparation they 

 are ready for use. In some areas a large 

 percent of the campers use this portable stove. 

 There are two other groups of patented 

 stoves, one of which is used without a masonry 

 covering and the other is used with a masonry 

 covering (pi. XIV). The patented stove which 

 is designed for use without masonry is best 

 suited for the more intensively used recreation 

 areas under city conditions. This stove is not 

 well adapted, from the standpoint of appro- 

 priate design, to the natural forest surround- 

 ings. On the other hand, the patented stove 

 intended for use only when encased in well- 

 designed stone masonry (pi. XIV) is an excellent 

 stove for use on campgrounds. 



CAMPFIRE CIRCLES AND 

 OPEN FIREPLACES 



Fires, either in campfire circles (pi. XX, figs. 

 3, 4, 5, and 6) or in open fireplaces (pis. II, III, 

 and IV) are always in demand on recreation 

 areas where the fire hazard is small. These 

 features range from the small circle for indi- 

 vidual camp units or individual picnic groups, 

 and the large circles for community gatherings, 

 to the weU-designed open fireplaces. Their 

 main value is not for cooking, except on camp- 

 grounds. It is for light and warmth. There is a 

 certain element of simplicity and charm in the 

 atmosphere created by a campfire circle or an 

 open, simple fireplace. No extensive camp- 

 ground or picnic area is complete without 

 them, and their absence can be justified only 

 in locations where the fire hazard prohibits 

 their use. 



FIREPLACES WITH TOP GRATE 

 OR TOP PLATE 



On campgrounds and picnic areas which are 

 entirely in the open, the camp stove and the 

 fireplace should be as inconspicuous as it is 

 practical to make it, because of the unattrac- 

 tive effect which is so often produced by any 

 considerable number of more massive types of 

 fireplaces on a single open area. 



The most natural fireplace is one which is 

 cut into the natural rock outcrop or ledge (pi. 

 I, fig. 3), or a similar fireplace so constructed 

 that it reproduces the effect of being cut from 

 the natural ledge rock (pi. I, fig. 4). These 

 fireplaces are most attractive in appearance 

 and appropriate to the surroundings. Unless 

 the natural rock outcrop happens to be of a 

 kind which can withstand intense heat and 

 water dousing, considerable damage will occur 

 in practical use. 



On some picnic areas, a simple form of 

 standard grate with sheet-iron or stone sides 

 (pi. I, figs. 6C and 6B) is adopted. This simple 

 grate is supported on four legs which may be 

 anchored firmly in the ground, if the fireplace 



