FIREPLACE SHELTER TYPES 



J.HE fireplace shelter has proved to be a 

 very desirable feature on many campgrounds 

 and along numerous trails. In some parts of 

 the country where there is considerable possi- 

 bility of heavy storms during the recreation 

 season these shelters are essential. The shel- 

 ters along the trails are usually located in the 

 more remote portions of the forest to accommo- 

 date hikers and horseback riders who use these 

 trails during the early spring and the late fall. 

 Properly located shelters along these trails 

 also provide effective protection in case of 

 sudden storms by affording a place in which 

 to get away from rain and cold. Shelters of the 

 character such as are indicated in plate XIX, 

 if appropriately designed to be adapted to the 

 use imposed upon them, are most desirable. 

 These shelters are of three kinds: 



(a) Shelter with a fireplace or combination stove and 

 fireplace constructed in front of the shelter (hgs. 

 1 and 5). 



(b) Shelters with the fireplace or combination stove 

 and fireplace constructed within the shelter (fig. 3). 



(c) Shelters with a fireplace within the shelter and a 

 camp stove in front of the shelter. 



The problem of locating the camp stove in re- 

 lation to the front of the shelter is important. 

 The shelter must be so oriented that the prevail- 

 ing winds will not carry the smoke from the 

 fireplace into the shelter. To be practical the 

 distance between the front line of the shelter 

 and the front of the fireplace should not be 

 greater than 8 feet. If the fireplace is closer 

 to the shelter, the heat may be uncomfortable 

 unless the shelter is abnormally deep. If the 

 fireplace is too far removed from the shelter, 

 then it serves no practical purpose for providing 

 heat within the shelter during the cold rainy 



days and during the early morning and even- 

 ing hours in the spring and fall. 



When the shelter is located along the trails 

 and roads, especially in the mountains, these 

 structures should be so located that the front 

 of the shelter will command important views of 

 the fine mountain scenery. 



The design for the shelter may be that of a 

 single sloping roof {fig. 5) or with a gable end 

 (fig. I). Shelters are constructed of boards or 

 preferably of logs, and in a few instances they 

 may be of stone masonry construction. 



The size of the shelter should be such that 

 there is ample space under the roof to provide 

 for one single bed on either side of the shelter, 

 a small table and the necessary seating ac- 

 commodations. The approximate dimensions of 

 the average shelter are 10 to 12 feet in width 

 and from 12 to 15 feet in depth. 



Where a fireplace is constructed in the rear 

 wall of the shelter, it is desirable that the shelter 

 be somewhat larger than the above measure- 

 ments. A fireplace so located is a very useful 

 feature especially in parts of the country where 

 frequent rains cause considerable inconven- 

 ience in cooking out of doors. 



The fireplace usually constructed at the front 

 of the shelter may serve two purposes: (a) As 

 a warming fire and (b) as a cooking fire. A 

 combination warming and cooking unit, similar 

 to that shown in plate XV is probably the most 

 practical unit to be used in connection with 

 shelter. Where the fireplace type is used, those 

 types which are best adapted for this use are 

 shown in plates VI, VIII, IX, X, and XI. 



The fundamental principles of design to be 

 followed in developing the fireplace within the 

 shelter are shown in plate XXIII. 



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