54 FIBRO-CELLULAR TISSUE. [BOOK i. 



4. Fibres running spirally close together, except at certain 



places where they separate and leave between them small 

 spaces, which appear like dots. 



5. Fibres running spirally, but completely grown together, 



except at certain places where they separate and leave 

 small dot-like spaces. This and the last have been 

 noticed by Mr. Valentine in Orchideous plants, and 

 have been extremely well figured by Slack. (Trans. 

 Soc. Arts, vol. xlix. t. 6./. 5, 6.) 



6. Fibres running straight along the sides of truncated 



cylindrical cells in the anthers of Richardia africana 

 (Calla aethiopica) and many other plants. (Plate I. 

 fig. 13.) 



7. Fibres running transversely in parallel lines round three 



of the sides of prisinatical right-angled cells, in the 

 anthers of water-lilies (Nymphseacese), &c. 



8. Fibres very short, attached to the sides of cells of various 



figures, to which they give a sort of toothed appearance, 

 as in the anther of Phlomis fruticosa and other Labiates. 

 (Plate I. fig. 15.) 

 The last three were first noticed by Purkinje. 



9. The fibre twisted spirally, in the membranous tubes that 



form the elaters of Jungermannia, apparently constitutes 

 another form of tissue of this order (Plate I. fig. 17), 

 and has recently been found by several observers among 

 Fungals in the genus Trichia. 



B. Fibre without Membrane. 



It is not improbable that this form is always in the begin- 

 ning of its growth composed of membrane. Mirbel has 

 shown that the curious cells which line the anther of the 

 common gourd are continuous membranes till just before the 

 expansion of the flower, when they very suddenly enlarge, 

 and their sides divide into narrow ribands or threads, curved 

 in almost elliptical rings which adhere to the shell of the 

 anther by one end ; these rings are placed parallel with each 

 other in each cell, to which they give an appearance like that 

 of a little gallery with two rows of pilasters, the connecting 



