388 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



[BOOK in. 



The following excellent Table of Abbreviations was contrived by the late 

 Mr. Ferdinand Bauer, to express all the subjects for which illustrations are 

 required in botanical drawings. It has been adopted in Endlicher's Iconographia, 

 Generum Plantarum, and it is to be wished that these abbreviations, which are 

 in every way unexceptionable, should be universally adopted for references to 

 plates : they would not only form a common means of comparison between the 

 figures of different authors, but would also keep continually within the view of 

 artists the nature of the subjects they are employed to analyse. It may be 

 added that the Table, if considered without reference to the abbreviations, is in 

 itself an excellent sketch of the principal modes, degrees, and analogies of the 

 regular development of fructification. When the letters used are capitals, they 

 indicate that the object is magnified ; when small, that it is of the natural size ; 

 when with a score ( ) drawn beneath them, that it is less than the natural 

 size. 



a. A flower before expansion, 

 a 1. A flower expanded. 



b. The operculum of a flower ; 



generally formed by the con- 

 fluence of the calyx and corolla. 



c. The perianthium ; the floral in- 



tegument of monocotyledonous 

 plants, and the generally simple 

 one of dicotyledones. (Corolla 

 of Linnaeus ; calyx of Jussieu.) 



c 1. 



c 2. 



c 3. 



c 4. 



c 5. 

 d. 

 e. 



e 1. 

 e 2. 



f 1. 



External leaflets of the perian- 

 thium ; having generally the 

 nature of a calyx. (Calyx of 

 Linnaeus.) 



Internal leaflets of the perian- 

 thium, except c 3. and c 4. ; 

 having usually the texture of 

 petals. (Corolla of Linnaeus.) 



The labellum, or its appendages. 

 In Orchids. 



The hypogynous scales of 

 (Nectarium of Lin- 



Appendages of the perianthium. 



The calyx. 



A monopetalous corolla. 



Petals. 



Appendages of the corolla. 



(Nectarium of Linnaeus ; para- 



petala of Ehrhart.) 

 The discus, whether hypogynous 



or epigynous. 

 Scales or glands, whether hypo- 



gynous or epigynous. 

 Sexual organs combined in a 



h. 



h 1. 

 h2. 

 h 3. 



column ; in Orchidaceae and 

 Stylidiaceae. 



Sexual organs separate ; the 

 floral envelopes being removed. 

 The stamens. 

 An anther. 

 Pollen. 



Pollen masses ; in Orchidacese 

 and Asclepiadaceae. 



h 4. Sterile stamens. 



h 5. The corona of a tube of stamens ; 

 in Asclepiadacese. (Nectarium 

 of Linnaeus.) 



i. The pistil. 



i 1. The ovarium. 



i 2. The stigma. 



i 3. The indusium of the stigma ; in 

 Goodeniacese and Brunoniaceae. 



i 4. An ovulum. 



1. A compound fruit ; common to 

 several flowers. 



1 1. Several distinct pericarpia; be- 

 longing to a single flower. 



m. Induviae ; the remains of the 

 flower, which either increase 

 the fruit in size, or surmount 

 it, or are adherent to it. 



m 1. Pappus. 



m 2. The calyptra of Mosses. 



n. The pericarpium ; comprehend- 

 ing all its species, from the 

 simple caryopsis of Grasses. 



n 1. Pericarpium open. 



n 2. A dissepiment. 



n 3. Valves. 



