42 OPHTHALMOLOGY FOF VETERINARIANS 



of the lid, and certain growths of a horny nature about 

 these localities. 



The malignant tumors are the sarcoma and the car- 

 cinoma. The former occurs in the young, though often 

 seen in older subjects, either as a primary tumor or 

 extending from sarcoma of the orbit. 



Carcinoma occurs as an epithelial cancer, charac- 

 terized by a slow ulceration, hke epithehoma in other 

 portions. A diagnosis can properly be made only by the 

 use of the microscope. The proper treatment in the 

 case of all tumors is excision of the same. The malig- 

 nant types, especially the epithelioma, have been treated 

 by the a:-ray w^ith excellent results. 



Ulcers of the Lid. — Ulcers of the skin surface of the 

 lid are not infrequent as the result of burns and other 

 injuries and local and constitutional diseases. Lupus 

 is particularly Hable to affect the lid when the skin in 

 the immediate region is diseased. Cowpox and other 

 skin affections which may attack the lid may be followed 

 by ulceration. 



The cause must be treated as well as the ulcers them- 

 selves. Cleanliness is one of the main things to observe, 

 together with protection and stimulation to healthy 

 granulation, as in the treatment of ulcers of other por- 

 tions of the body. 



Abscess of the Lid. — ^This is often phlegmonous in 

 character, and is caused by direct injury, diseases of the 

 bones in the neighboring region, erysipelas, or anthrax. 



