146 OPHTHALMOLOGY FOR VETERINARIANS 



notice is taken of the movements of light by motion of 

 the eyeball, it is fairly conclusive that the fundus is 

 normal. 



The conjunctiva must be free from secretion and the 

 nictitans membrane and lacrimal apparatus free from 

 hypertrophy and inflammation. In man the urine is 

 always examined to determine the absence of albumin 

 and sugar. The animal should be free from cough and 

 any disease which may cause sudden exertion. The 

 bowels should be freely opened the day before the 

 operation. 



Preceding the operation the conjunctival sac should 

 be examined, and washed with a saturated solution of 

 boric acid or a i : 5000 solution of corrosive sublimate. 

 The long hair about the eye may be trimmed with 

 scissors, and the parts washed with soap and water, 

 followed with one of the above solutions. 



In man we use cocain of about 5 per cent, solution, 

 but in animals it is better to use complete general 

 anesthesia, as any sudden movement during the opera- 

 tion may cause a serious accident. 



The various steps of the operation are: Applying the 

 speculum, corneal section, iridectomy, cutting the 

 capsule, extracting the lens, cleansing the wound 

 (toilet), applying the dressing. 



Some operators prefer to use atropin previous to 

 the operation to dilate the pupil. Some also prefer 

 not to use the speculum, but rather to have a com- 



