MEDICINES USED IN OPHTHALMIC THERAPEUTICS 20l 



Local Anesthetics: 



Cocain hydrochlorid in 2 to 10 per cent, solutions. 

 Holocain, i per cent, solution. 



The first also dilates the pupil. The last is feebly antiseptic and 

 does not dilate the pupil. 



Caustics: 



Silver nitrate stick is used to touch ulcerated portions of the lid. It 

 is not used on the globe except to stimulate the edges of an open 

 wound. 



Tincture of iodin should never be dropped into the eye, but it is valuable 

 to apply to sloughing ulcers of the cornea or lids, from the point of 

 a pencil of cotton. 



Carbolic acid is used in cases in which the tincture of iodin is indi- 

 cated, and in the same way. 



The actual cautery. This may be used in the form of an electric 

 cautery, or a fine platinum wire may be heated in an alcohol flame. 

 It is used in cases of sloughing ulcer of the cornea and in one about 

 to perforate. Great care must be exercised in its use. 



Agents Affecting the Size of the Pupil: 

 Mydriatics dilate the pupil. 



Atropin sulphate, i per cent, solution. 

 Homatropin hydrobromid, 2 per cent, solution. 

 Hyoscyamin hydrobromid, i per cent, solution. 

 Duboisin sulphate, i per cent, solution. 

 Scopolamin, | to i per cent, solution. 



The first two are the more reliable. They paralyze the accommo- 

 dation (cycloplegia) as well as dilate the pupil (mydriasis). 

 The first has a more lasting effect, and should be used in cases 

 of iritis, injuries, and ulcers of the cornea. The second is used 

 more for temporary effect for the examination of the fundus, etc. 

 Myotics contract the pupil. 



Pilocarpin hydrochlorid, i to 2 per cent. 

 Eserin sulphate, \ to i per cent, solution. 



Lymphagogiies: 



Dionin, 5 to 10 per cent, solutions. 



Redness and edema of the conjunctiva often follow the initial use 

 of dionin, which soon subsides. In severe cases of iritis and 

 glaucoma the powder is often used in place of the solution. 



