PKRI LS. — 1 M M IG RATlON^. 47 



Evory foroigncr who comes to us and wins success, as 

 most of them do under more favorable conditions, be- 

 coTues an advertiser of our land; he strongly attracts 

 his relatives and friends, and very likely sends them 

 money for their passage. Our consul at Frankfort 

 writes: "Not less than one-half of the German emi- 

 grants to the United States emigrate by the advice and 

 assistance of friends residing there." Says Prof. R. 

 M. Smith,! "The Inman Steamship Company has o500 

 agents in Europe, and an equal number in this country, 

 selling prepaid tickets to be sent to friends and relatives 

 of persons already here in order to provide them with pas- 

 sage."* Of course other companies pursue a like policy. 



2. The expellent influences of Europe. Social or polit- 

 ical upheavals send new waves of immigration to our 

 shores. A glance at the situation shows that the pros- 

 pect for the next fifteen or twenty years is not pacific, 



France. The French are fickle. From the Revolution 

 down to 1870, no political regime had continued for 

 twenty consecutive years. The fact, therefore, that the 

 Third Republic has survived this period, which seems to 

 constitute the necessary political probation of a French 

 government, is a favorable augury of its permanence. 

 Boulangism expresse'd whatever dissatisfaction existed in 

 various classes, with the republic ; and its utter collapse 

 justifies the hope that the French will enjoy a settled gov- 

 ernment for years to come. And if the Republic becomes 

 permanent, which now seems likely, it will operate as a 

 constant thorn in the sides of European monarchies, by 

 stirring up popular discontent. 



Germany. The Revolution of 1848 showed that the 

 German people, always lovers of freedom, had grasped 

 the principles of civil liberty; but it also showed that 

 they had no practical knowledge of self-government. 

 During those forty-two succeeding years of increasing 

 acquaintance with our free institutions, their love of 

 liberty has been growing, but in the science of self-gov- 



1 Emigration and Immigration, p. 46, 



