nio 



Ranunculaceae, 468 ; foliar 

 axis, 348 ; floral axis, 374; 

 flowers, 412, 421, 454; 

 ovule, 305. 



Ranunculus, fruit, 427, 428 ; 

 ovule, 385 ; stamens, 360. 



Ranunculus Ficaria, em- 

 bryo, 447 ; growth, 450. 



Ranunculus repens, 86. 



Raphe, 305, 382. 



Raumparasiten, 41. 



Raumparasitismus, 28, 39. 



Receptive spot, 67, 69, 96, 

 203, 



Red Seaweeds. See Rhodo- 

 phyceae. 



Regular, of flower and its 

 parts, 423 note. 



Rejuvenescence, r8. 



Relation of Desmidieae to 

 Zygnemeae, 50. 



Replum, 428. 



Reseda, flower, 422; pla- 

 centas, 374. 



Reseda odorata, Fig. 350. 



Resedaceae, 469 ; flower, 

 424. 



Restiaceae, 444. 



Resting-cells, 20 ; in Dia- 

 toms, see Craticular 

 states. 



Resting-spores (Piptocepha- 

 iideae), 92, note i. 



Retrograde forms, 107 note. 



Rhabdonema arcuatum, 19. 



Rhamneae, 470 ; floral dia- 

 gram, 457 ; flower, 422. 



Rheum, floral formula, 459 ; 

 nectaries, 307, 381. 



Rheum undulatum, Fig. 308. 



Rhinanthus, 28 ; endosperm, 

 460. 



Rhipidonema, 114, 126. 



Rhizidium, 81, 85. 



Rhizines (Lichens), 115, 120. 



Rhizocarpae. See Hetero- 

 sporous Filicineae. 



Rhizocarpon subcentricum, 

 119. 



Rhizoids, 55, 82, 135, 143, 

 170, 201; distinguished 

 from protonema, 170 note. 



Rhizomorpha, 82, 119, 136. 



Rhizophoreae, 470. 



Rhododendron, fruit, 428; 

 pollen-grains, 369. 



Rhodomeleae, 79. 



Rhodophyceae, 13, 27, 73; 

 asexual propagation, 27, 

 75 ; colour, colouring 

 matter, 74; fertilisation, 

 7 ; sexual propagation, 27, 

 73 ; thallus, 75. 



Rhodoreae, 471. 



Rhodospermeae. See Rho- 

 dophyceae. 



Rhoeadinae (Cruciflorae), 

 469. 



Rhus, floral diagram, 456 and 

 I^'ig- 393- 



Rhus typhinum, intrapetio- 

 lar bud, 451. 



Ribes, branching in inflores- 

 cence, 411 ; fruit, 429. 



Ribesieae, 470. 



Riccia, archegonium, 149; 

 archesporium, 142; sporo- 

 gonium, 142, 151. (Fig. 



lOI.) 



Riccia crystallina, 158. 



Riccia fluitans, 158. 



Riccia glauca. Fig. 108. 



Riccia natans, 158. 



Riccieae, 153, 158; asexual 

 propagation, 159; sexual 

 organs, 158 ; sporogonium, 

 151 ; thallus, 158. 



Ricinus, endosperm, 394; in- 

 crease in size, 450; sta- 

 mens, branching, 356. 



Ricinus communis. Figs. 

 278, 375, 378, 407. 



Rielia, protonema, 140; 

 archesporium, 143; thallus, 

 144. 



Rielia heliophylla, 94. (Fig. 

 94) 



Rithyploca, 74. 



Rivularieae, 23, 124. 



Roccella, 124. 



Rod-fructifications (Basidio- 

 mycetes), 131. 



Roestelia, 127, 131 ; ger- 

 mination, 128. 



Roestelia cancellata, 128. 



Root, embryo in Dicotyle- 

 dons, Fig. 329; in Mono- 

 cotyledons, Fig. 333. 



Rosa, flowers, 372, 422; 

 nucellus, 388. 



Rosaceae, 471; floral dia- 

 gram, 417, 418, 457, and 

 Fig. 348 ; floral formula, 



459- 

 Roseae, 471. 



Rosiflorae, 471 ; seed, 446. 

 Rotation of protoplasm in 



cells of Chara, 64. 

 Rubiaceae, 472 ; flower, 422 ; 



vascular bundles, 308. 



{Y\g. 387.) 

 Rubus, floral diagram, 418, 



457 ; flower, 422. 

 Rubus Idaeus, floral diagram, 



417, and Figs. 34S, 404. 

 Rudbeckia, branching in in- 

 florescence, 411. 

 Rust in wheat, 128. 



Ruta, branching in inflores- 

 cence, 411; floral diagram, 

 419. 



Rutaceae, 469; flower, 423. 



Sabina, berry, 338. 



Saccharomyces, 113, 114, 

 (Fig. 71.) 



Saccoloma, vascular bun dies. 

 226. 



Sagittaria, leaf, 436. 



Salicineae, 467. 



Salix, inflorescence, 411. 



Salix nigricans, 411. 



Salvia, stamens, 354. 



Salvinia, antheridium, 190; 

 duration, 191; embryo, 

 234; macrospores, 231; 

 microspores, 229; ooj,'0- 

 nium, 232 ; prothallium, 

 231, 244; sporocarpo, 237. 

 Fig. 189.) 



Salvinia natans, Figs. 182, 

 184, 185, 188, 194. 



Salviniaceae, 189, 194, 197, 

 228, 244 ; lateral shoots, 

 236; roots, 236; scuti- 

 form leaf, 233; sporangia, 

 191, 237, 238; spores, 

 189, 192. 



Samara, 428. 



Sambucus, vascular bundles, 

 308. 



Sambucus Ebulus, Fig. 405. 



Samolus, ovary, 370. 



Samolus Valerandi, inflores- 

 cence, 411. 



Samydaceae, 470. 



Santalaceae, 47 2 ; flower, 422; 

 ovule, 3 85. 



Santalum, embryo-sac, 389 

 and note 2 ; oospheres, 389; 

 pollen-tube, 391; synergi- 

 dae, 389. 



Sapindaceae, 469 ; flower, 

 422 ; stem, 465, 466. 



Saponaria ocymoides, poly- 

 gamy, 347. 



Sapotaceae, 471. 



Saprolegnia, 96, 97 ; ger- 

 mination, 99. 



Saprolegnia asterophora, 

 sexual process, 99. 



Saprolegnia ferax, sexual 

 process, 98, 99. 



Saprolegnia torulosa 99. 



Saprolegnieae, 88, 96 ; a- 

 sexual propagation, 97 ; 

 comparison with Perono- 

 sporeae, mode of life, 96, 

 97 ; sexual propagation, 

 97; stilogonidia, 10; vege- 

 tation, 197. 



Sarcina, 25. 



