10 



OUTLINES OF EQUINE ANATOMY. 



Articulatory . ^ 



Eminences •{ 



I Non-articulatory < 



Articulatory 



^Seads. — Separated from main por- 

 tion of bone by a circumscribed 

 neck, being rounded, cf. Head of 

 femur. 



Condyles. — Oval -rounded projecting 

 surfaces, cf. Condyles ot femur. 



Both these form synovial or di- 

 arthrodial or free-moving joints ; 

 others serve to form fixed or im- 

 perfectly movable joints, but have 

 no definite names. 

 f Imprints. — Rough, irregular, and 

 small prominences for attachment 

 of muscles, tendons, or ligaments. 



Processes. — Lnrge eminences arising 

 from separate centre of os^ifi(•atiou, 

 variously named from their figures. 



Ridges t Eminences with elongated 



or crests j bupis of attachment. 



Tuberosities. — Large eminences with 

 l^ extremely \^ ide ba^e. 

 r Glenoid, or saucer-like, shallow. 

 '\ Cotyloid, or cup-like, deep. 

 {'Channels or furrows. — Wide, deep, 

 and smooth. 



Grooves. — Long, narrow, and even at 

 bottom. 



Fissures. — Narrow and rough. 



Digital impressions. — Look as if made 

 by the finger when the bones were 

 in a plastic condition. 



FosscB. — Smooth and shallow. 

 Non-articulatory ^ Simises. — Cavities divided by imper- 

 fect septa or bony partition. 



Notches. — Grooves scooped at the 

 edge of a bone. 



Foramina. — Cavities passing through 

 bones. 



Canals. — Long foramina. 



Fissures. — Narrow torumina. 



Hiatus. — Wide openings with irre- 

 gular outlines. 



The epiplijses of long bones consist mainlv of cancellated 

 tissue, the compact portion forming but a thin external 

 layer ; that under the cartilage (articular laiimia) is most 

 dense, and from its vessels the cartilage-cells draw nutriment. 

 This enlargement of the extremities of the bone is for the 

 purpose of affording increased surface for ligamentous and 

 other attachments without increasing the weight of the bone. 



Cavities •{ 



