40 outlitntes of equine anatomy. 



far as os spHenoides. The groove also becomes wider here, 

 receiving the postero -inferior thickened angle of septum 

 nasi. The apex of the hone rests on the palatine processes 

 of the anterior maxillae. The hase is formed by the pos- 

 terior angular prolongations with their separating depres- 

 sion. It consists of a sharp concave ridge. The surfaces 

 are the outer surfaces of the thin plates, and are covered 

 by the Schneiderian mucous membrane. 



THE LOWER JAW 



is formed by a single bone, the INFERIOR MAXILLA, 

 which articulates with the upper jaw only at the glenoid 

 cavities of the squamous temporal bones, though connected 

 with it by soft structures in many parts in the fresh sub- 

 ject. It consists of two exactly similar halves united to- 

 gether by the symphysis at the interior part. Between these 

 anteriorly is situated the tongue, postero- superiorly the 

 l)harynx and guttural pouches. Each side of the bone 

 presents two surfaces, two margins, and two extremities. 

 The superior extremity is divided into two parts by a deep 

 notch through which a branch of nerve passes. 



The anterior part is the coracoid process, which runs 

 upwards for a considerable distance, inclined backwards. 

 It is flattened from side to side and rests in the temjDoral 

 fossa. Its inner surface affords attachment to temporalis . 

 The posterior part is the condyle ; it is elongated from side 

 to side, convex in every direction, with a slight oblique 

 inclination inwards. It is coated with articular cartilage, 

 and through the medium of the inter-articular disc of car- 

 tilage, articulates with the glenoid cavity of the squamous 

 temporal bone. The condyle affords attachment to the 

 capsular ligament around its margin, externally also to its 

 strengthening accessory band. Below the condyle on the 

 inner side pterygoideus is inserted, and here the external 

 carotid artery terminates its temporal branch, winding round 

 the posterior margin of the jaw. The anterior extremity or 

 body is flattened from above downwards, presenting two 

 surfaces and two margins. The superior surface is concave, 

 sloping from without inwards, covered by the mucous 

 membrane of the mouth, from which internally frsenum 

 linguse passes. The inferior surface is convex, sloping 

 from the external to the internal margin and backwards. 



