



CONTENTS 



I. Introduction 1 



II. Geological principles 3 



III. Methods of preservation of fossil plants 10 



IV. Geological time and methods of reckoning 14 



V. The later geological history of North America 16 



VI. The present forests of North America 28 



VII. The sequoias or big trees 39 



VIII. The bald c}T)ress 56 



IX. The walnuts and hickories 68 



X. The willows and poplars 81 



XI. Birch, hazel, hornbeam and alder 96 



XII. The beech 119 



XIII. The oak and chestnut 129 



XIV. The elm, planer and hackberry 146 



XV. The platanus or buttonball 157 



XVI. The magnolia and tulip-tree 165 



XVII. The sweet or red gum and witch hazel 181 



XVIII. Locust, coffee-bean and red-bud 191 



XIX. Sumach and holly 206 



XX. The maple 216 



XXI. The ash 225 



XXII. The linden or basswood 233 



XXIII. Dogwood and gum 239 



XXIV. Sassafras, spice-bush and bay 247 



XV. The persimmon 255 



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