48 THE^VETERINAKIAN 



Treatment: In young animals, when cutting teeth, 

 let nature take its course, but when an animal is five 

 years or over, place two drams of Aloin, and two drams 

 of Pulv. Ginger, in a gelatin capsule and administer with 

 capsule gun. Then tone up the digestive organs by mix- 

 ing one ounce of Pulv. Gentian Eoot, one ounce of Pulv. 

 Nux Vomica, four ounces of Bicarbonate of Soda. Make 

 into eight powders and give one powder in feed twice 

 daily, or place in gelatin capsule and administer with 

 capsule gun. 



LEECHES 



(Hcemopis) 



The leeches which suck the blood of the horse may be 

 divided into two classes, the external parasites which 

 attach themselves, to the skin of the legs and adjacent 

 parts of the horse, and the Hsemopis Sang-uisuga, and 

 others of this class, which, not being able to penetrate 

 the skin, endeavor to enter the mouth or nostrils of the 

 horse when he is drinking or grazing in wet and 

 leech-infected pastures. They sometimes cling to the 

 mucous membrane of the eyes. The horse leech, which 

 lives in the water, usually gains access to the mouth and 

 nostrils of the animal, when young and not more than 

 one-tenth of an inch long. They rarely go beyond the 

 air and food passages, generally fastening themselves 

 to the walls of the windpipe and gullet, where they cling 

 till the animal dies from loss of blood or suffocation. 

 They often cause bleeding from the mouth and nostrils, 

 and may be seen by close examination. 



Treatment: Endeavor to build up the condition of 

 the animal with suitable food. Also feed liberal quan- 

 tities of stock salt. Where the leeches cling tightly to 

 the mucous membranes of the mouth and nostrils, it is 

 well to cause the horse to inhale the vapor from hot 

 water containing turpentine. 



