DISEASES OF CATTLE 135 



condition is Boracic Acid, one dram; Distilled Water, 

 four ounces. Apply liberally to the eye. 



LEECHES . , 



(Blood Suckers) ■. 



Leeches which suck blood of cattle are sometimes taken 

 up by the animals when drinking water from ponds, 

 etc. The leeches attach themselves to the inner surface 

 of the mouth or nose, and sometimes reach the upper 

 part of windpipe or the gullet. Bleeding at the mouth or 

 nose may be noticed, the membranes where the leeches 

 attach themselves become congested and swollen, and as 

 a result of the loss of blood anemic condition follows. 



Treatment: If the leeches can be reached, they are 

 easily destroyed by cutting them in two with a pair of 

 scissors or they may be removed with a pair of forceps or 

 w^ith the fingers after wrapping a piece of cloth around 

 them so as to prevent slipping. 



Steam from boiling hot water containing Pine Tar or 

 Oil of Turpentine may cause leeches to release their hold 

 if they cannot be removed by other means. In ponds 

 where leeches are numerous, eels should be introduced 

 as they feed upon blood suckers of this species. 



LUMPY JAW 



(Wooden Tongue^ Big Head, Actinomycosis) 

 Cause: The Eay Fungus. This organism which oc- 

 curs in the tissues in the form of russets is directly 

 transmitted from one animal to another. It seems ap- 

 parent that the fungus is conveyed into the tissues of the 

 mouth by various food stuff through slight wounds of 

 the mucous membranes of the mouth or an animal that 

 has decayed teeth or during the shedding of milk teeth. 

 The Ray Fungus is found naturally vegetated or clinging 

 on the awns of barley, the spears of oats and on other 

 grains. Quantities of fungi have been found between 



