DISEASES OF SHEEP AND GOATS 197 



pour the liquid slowly and carefully; if they cough, let 

 them down. Any drench entering the lungs produces 

 fatal pneumonia. Feed good nourishing food, and 

 supply them with fresh water to drink. 



CATARRH 



(Cold in the Head) 



Cause: Atmospheric changes, sudden exposure to 

 cold, wet weather after being accustomed to warm, com- 

 fortable surroundings, inhaling dust, smoke and gases 

 or, in fact, anything that will produce an irritation to 

 the membranes lining the nose; commonly seen in the 

 spring and fall. 



Symptoms: Chilling, elevation of temperature, nose 

 dry, breathing hurried, sneezing, coughing, dullness, ap- 

 petite varied. In the first stages of the malady, the 

 nostrils are considerably inflamed, but in the course of 

 a few days the temperature subsides and a yellowish- 

 white discharge flows from the nose continuously. 



Tbeatment: Keep the affected animals dry, omit 

 drafts, feed good, wholesome food, and provide bedding 

 for them to lie upon. In the first stages of this malady, 

 it is advisable to confine the animals in a barn, closing 

 the windows and doors and compelling them to inhale 

 steam from boiling hot water and Pine Tar. The best 

 method to accomplish this is by placing a tub about half 

 full of water in the center of the barn and add about one 

 gallon of Pine Tar. Then heat bricks or stones and 

 place them into the tub. In this way a large number 

 can be treated at one time. The sheep should be com- 

 pelled to inhale this steam for thirty to forty minutes 

 twice a day. In addition to the above, the following is 

 very beneficial : Chlorate of Potash, one ounce ; Nitrate 

 of Potassi, two ounces. Make into sixteen powders and 

 give one powder to each sheep in its drinking water two 

 or three times daily. Feed hot bran mashes and vege- 

 tables if possible. 



