DISEASES OF POULTRY 229 



cially during the molting season. Keep your poultry 

 strong and vigorous by feeding clean, nourishing food 

 and give them pure water to drink. 



CONSTIPATION 



(Intestinal Obstruction) 



Cause : Irritation of the membranes lining the intes- 

 tines, caused by dry feed, glass or gravel; may also be 

 due to parasitic worms. Obstruction may occur in any 

 part of the intestines although the external opening is 

 the part most frequently affected. 



Symptoms : Bird appears dull and stupid, walks with 

 difficulty and attempts frequently to expel the obstructing 

 material. The appetite is poor and the feathers rough. 

 By examination and manipulation the obstruction may 

 be located. Dried masses of excrement by adhering to 

 the feathers sometimes block the outer opening of the 

 intestines. 



Treatment: Remove the waste matter clinging to 

 the feathers with warm water or by clipping the feathers 

 ofP. If the Cloaca is obstructed, give injections of Sweet 

 Oil or Olive Oil with a small bulb syringe. Also give one 

 to two grains of Calomel and feed clean food and soft 

 mashes containing Pulv. Gentian Root, one grain to each 

 fowl twice daily. This stimulates the worm-like move- 

 ment of the bowels and assists in expelling their con- 

 tents. 



CROP IMPACTION 

 (Obstruction, Paralysis, Inflammation, Catarrh) 



Cause: Errors in feeding; birds that are not fed 

 regularly are predisposed to any of the above conditions ; 

 may. also be due to swallowing large pieces of bone, 

 thread, nails, pins, glass, gravel, etc. 



Symptoms: Loss of appetite, frequent attempts to 

 swallow, crop greatly distended and hard on pressure; 

 eventually the food decomposes and a liquid may escape 



