40 THE VETERINARY SCIENCE. 



this tube bends downwards and forwards passing into the penis 

 of the horse and passes down to the end of the penis, where 

 it terminates. This tube is used to carry the urine from the 

 bladder out of the body and is also used in connection with the 

 g'enital organs, these are the organs which bring forth the 

 young animals. This tube is liued with a continuation of the 

 membrane of the bladder. 



CHAPTER X. 



GENITAL ORGANS. 



THESE organs in the horse are those which reproduce 

 the young animals. To bring forth the young there 

 must be two animals, one the horse or male animal, the 

 other the mare or female animal, or in other words, there must be 

 one of each sex, male and female. These organs are different in each 

 sex or in the horse and mare and require to be considered separately. 



Genital Orgfans in the Horse are as follows: Scrotum or bag, 

 testicles, spermatic cord, vesiculre seminales or the pouches 

 which holds the semen of the horse, urethra, penis and the sheath. 



The Scrotum is the sac or bag which contains the testicles and is 

 situated between the hind legs, and is covered on the outside by a 

 verv fine soft skin. Passing up in the center under the sheath 

 and scrotum or bag is a well marked line in the skin called median 

 raphe, this can be plainly seen when the horse is on his back, and is 

 found to be continued up gradually getting fainter until it reaches 

 under the anus. Under the skin is found layers of white fascia or 

 tissue, which can be seen on cutting through the scrotum. There 

 is found to be a partition in the scrotum separating the two 

 testicles. The size of the scrotum is affected very much by the 

 weather, the cold weather contracts the tibres in the scrotum 

 causing it to get very much smaller, while in warm weather the 

 fibres relax causing the scrotum to get very much larger. The 

 use of the scrotum is to contain, support and protect the testicles. 



The Testicles are two in number, one situated on the left side 

 the other on the right, they are oval in shape, and are attached 

 above to tht spermatic cord. Before the animal is born the 

 testicles are situated in the abdominal or belly cavity and 

 attached to the serous membrane which has already been spoken 

 of in connection with this cavity. At or about the time of birth, 

 there is what is known as the descent of the testicles into the 



