DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE. 117 



Tincture of Laudanum 1 ounce, or 4 tablespooufuls, 



Fleming's Tincture of Aconite 5 drops. 



Mix in a pint of luke warm water and give as a drench. Give 



this drench every two or three hours until the animal seems 



relieved, and then g-ive the following powders : 



Ground Gentian Root J pound. 



Common Soda | " 



Mix and give a tablespoonful twice a day in his feed. 



STONES IN THE BLADDER (CALCULI). 



These stones are found in the kidneys or in the tubes that 

 lead down to the' bladder, or in the bladder, or may be found in 

 the tube that leads out of the bladder, but they are mostly found 

 in the bladder. 



Causes. — Are generally from the kind of food and water the 

 animal uses, turnips being one of the worst, or drinking water 

 that contains a great deal of lime. 



Symptoms. — The animal is uneasy and has colicky pains. 

 He will be in more pain just after passing water. In some cases 

 where there are a number of these stones, the animal after making 

 water will pass blood, and for a few times after this he may make 

 water all right, and then will pass blood again. 



Treatment. — Give lots of soft feed with boiled linseed in it to 

 loosen the bowels and give the following medicine : 



Diluted Hydrochloric Acid i dram. 



Mix in a pint of water and give as a drench three times a day. 

 The action of this acid is to dissolve the stones. Continue the 

 use of this until the animal is better. 



INVERSION OF THE BLADDER. 



This is only met with in mares, and generally at the time of 

 foaling, when the mare is straining violently. 



Symptoms. — In straining, the bladder becomes forced back 

 and turns out through the tube, and hangs out of the vulva 

 inside out. 



Treatment — If it is noticed at the time it is done, before it 

 becomes swollen and enlarged, it can generally be turned back to 

 its place by pressing it in with the hands and fingers. After you 

 have returned it, if the animal is in pain, give one ounce or four 

 tablespoonfuls of tincture of laudanum every two hours until the 

 animal stops straining and seems relieved. . 



