130 THE VETERINARY SCIENCB. 



foal to come all right. Sometimes the head and neck will come, 

 and the front legs are turned back. ]„ this case shove the foal 

 well back and catch the front legs and bring them forward, then 

 pull on the legs and the foal will come all right. 



Sometimes its four legs will come together and the head 

 turned back. In this case shove the front legs back into the 

 womb as far as you can with your hand and arm, and then bring 

 the foal out backwards by pulling on the hind legs. Never, 

 under any consideration, attempt to bring the foal head first in 

 this case. 



The foal sometimes comes backwards, and if the hind legs 

 come out first, the foal generally comes out all right. When the 

 foal is coming backwards, and the legs do not come out as they 

 should, and you feel nothing but the tail, rump and hips of the 

 foal, the hind legs being turned in under, it is a ralher difficult 

 job, but it can be done all right by shoving the hind end of the 

 foal upwards and towards the front of the womb, then slipping 

 the hand down and getting hold of the foot of the hind leg and 

 lifting upward and backward until you can bring the leg out into 

 the passage, then reach down the hand and get hold of the other 

 leg and bring it out as you did the first one, then the foal will 

 come away backwards all right. 



As well as different positions, we meet with what are known 

 as deformities, or freaks of nature. In cases of this kind, on 

 account of never meeting hardly two cases of the same kind, you 

 will have to make a thorough examination and use your judgment 

 as to the best way of getting out, and act on the plans given in 

 the different positions. 



In case of having difficulty with twin foals always examine 

 the case thoroughly, and which ever foal is the nearest to the 

 back deliver him first, and as well as this, before pulling on the 

 legs, always be sure you are not pulling on a leg of each foal. 

 After delivering the first foal the last one comes very easily. 

 In any case where you have to shove the foal back into the 

 womb it is well to raise the mare's hind end up by making her 

 stand on manure or boards, as this has a tendency to help the 

 foal to go forwards. Avoid using hooks and knives, as you are 

 apt to injure the womb. It is always best to use your hands and 

 pieces of fine rope. 



You may always make up your mind that if a mare is not de- 

 livered of her foal in half an hour, or thereabouts, after the water 



