DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF CATTLE. 269' 



TROUBLES MET WITH IN CALVING. 



Troubles met with in cows when calving, such as deformities, 

 or calves coming" in unnatural shapes, is fully explained in con- 

 nection with "Difficulties met with in a marc foaling." The 

 deformities and positions are about the same, and the principle 

 laid down to take foals away is used in taking calves away. 

 Always, if the calf is coming front end first, have the front feet 

 and head coming together, and if the hind end is coming first, do 

 not attempt to turn the calf, but bring it out with hind feet first. 

 Never be too eager to use hooks, because small ropes are better 

 and there is less danger of tearing the womb; and in cases where 

 there has to be any cutting done, it is best to get an experienced- 

 hand, for the parts of the calf have to be skinned inside, com- 

 mencing at the legs and skinning to the shoulder blade, and then 

 taking it off with the leg; then take out the ribs and insides, and 

 so on, with the other parts until you have enough of the calf cut 

 away so that you can get it out all right. 



CLOSURE OF THE NECK OF THE WOMB AT CALVING TIME. 



This is where calving time has come, and labor pains are 

 on the womb, but the neck of the womb keeps contracted or closed,, 

 and will not allow the calf to come out of the womb. 



Treatment. — Give the following drench : 



Epsom Salts 1 pound. 



Sweet Spirits of Nitre 1 ounce, or 4 tablespoonfuls. 



Fluid Extract of Belladonna 1 dram, or 1 teaspoonf ul. 



Mix in a quart of lake warm water and give as a drench. Keep 



the body warm with blankets and half a pail of hot salt, in a bag, 



over the back. On examining the neck of the womb with your 



hand you will find that you can only get one or two fingers 



worked into it. Take a small piece of sponge or cloth and 



saturate it with fluid extract of belladonna, then shove it well into 



the neck of the womb as if it were for a plug ; change this two or 



three times a day to put more of the fluid extract of belladonna on it. 



Do not use any rough treatment, for the belladonna in a day or 



so will dilate or open the neck of the womb enough so that she will 



calve herself. In case this treatment should fail, take a penknife 



and nick around the inside of the neck of the womb in several 



places on the upper side, then use the belladonna as described 



above — and this will open it. 



