368 THE VETERINAEY SCIENCE. 



Its Action and Use. — Its action is as a stimulant, and it also 

 acts on the kidneys as a diuretic, and is mostly used in the form of 

 liquors, such as whisky, gin, beer and ale. For external use see 

 where methylated spirits of alcohol is used in making up white 

 and acid liniments among the receipts. 



Dose. — For horses (whisky), 1 to 2 wine glassfuls; cattle, 

 2 to 4 wine glassfuls; sheep, 1 wine glassful; pigs and dogs, 1 to 

 2 tablespoonfuls. For horses (gin), 1 wine glassful; cattle, 1 

 to 2 wine glassfuls; sheep, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls; pigs and dogs, 

 1 teaspoonful. For horses (beer and ale), ^ to 1 pint; cattle,. 



1 pint; sheep, :^ to i pint; pigs and dogs, 1 wine glassful. 



ALOES. 



Aloes is got from a plant grown in the West India Islands. 

 There are three kinds of Aloes: Barbadoes, Socotrine and Cape. 

 The Barbadoes is the best, and is the kind mostly used for stock. 

 It is a liver-brown color, bitter to taste and is usually bought 

 either in the form of a powder or lumps. 



Its Action and Use. — Aloes acts as a physic and blood puri- 

 fier and is used in a great many diseases, especially in the 

 horse. 



Dose. — For horses, 8 to 10 drams; cattle, 1 to 2 ounces; sheep, 



2 to 4 drams ; pigs and dogs, 1 to 2 drams. In preparing aloes 

 for a drench it must be dissolved in water that is just luke warm, 

 for if the water is too warm it spoils the action of the aloes, and if 

 it is too cold it will not dissolve properly. In giving it as a ball, 

 see receipt of physic ball in the back of this book. It takes aloes 

 twenty-four hours to operate on the bowels in horses and cattle, 

 and after giving them a dose they should always be left standing 

 quietly for forty-eight hours after giving them the medicine. 



ALUM. 



Alum is got from the alum salts, which is a mineral. 



Its Action and Use. — It is mostly used externally in the form 

 of washes for healing wounds. It is also dusted onto wounds in 

 the form of a powder, and is very drying and healing. It is also 

 used in gargle powders for sore throat, influenza and aphtha or 

 sore mouth. 



Dose. — The way it is used internally is best seen in the receipt 

 for gargle powders at the back of this book. For making a wash 

 it takes a tablespoonful of alum to a pint of water. 



