82 



On Raia undulata, Lac&p. 



very young, but except in these spinulose on tail, near 

 middle line of disc, and near its anterior margin. 1 or 2 spines 

 in front of and behind each eye ; usually 1 or 2 pairs of 

 scapular spiues ; a median series of spines numbering from 

 22 (young) to 60 (adult) from head to first dorsal fin; 

 usually 1 or 2 spines between the dorsals ; adult with a 

 short series of spines on eacli side of anterior part of tail. 

 Brown, orange, or yellow, with blackish or brownish un- 

 dulating stripes, usually margined by series of small white 

 spots ; larger white spots scattered on disc ; underside white, 

 in the young sometimes dusky on tail and at margins of 

 disc. 



This description is based on the examples in the British 

 Mviseum collection, 8 in number, from Brittany, Cornwall, 

 and Sussex, measuring from 275-800 mm. in total length. 

 According to Moreau, the species attains a length of 

 1200 mm. and is found on all the coasts of France, 

 Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Channel *. 



Moreau has evidently seen a good series of specimens ; 

 he says that in large fish the scapular spines may be wanting 

 and the median series may be confined to the tail. As to 

 coloration, the white spots may be absent, and in adults the 

 stripes may be indistinct and the spots, if present, greyish ; 

 he has seen a young male with the whole lower surface 

 blackish. 



In the following table are given measurements in milli- 

 metres : A, width of disc ; B, length from snout to vent ; 

 C, length from vent to end of tail ; D, length of snout ; 

 E, diameter of eye ; F, interorbital width ; G, prseoral length 

 (to fold connecting nasal valves) ; H, internasal width. In 

 I is given the number of teeth in the upper jaw and in K 

 the number of spines in front of the dorsal fin. 



A. B. 



D. E. F. G. H. 



I. K. 



c? . Cancale .... 600 400 400 95 22 42 TSf 65t 46 60 



c?. Cornwall .. 295 195 .. 55 15 21 53 37 38 . . 



c?. Eve Bay .. 245 170 200 50 12 17 45 28 40 23 



cJ. Rbscoff .... 200 140 160 40 11 15 37 24 36 22 



* Gunthe'r. Cat. Fish. vi. p. 459, refers a young male from Madeira to 

 this species ; but this is an error, the specimen being an example of 

 H. asterias. 



t Owing to distortion of mouth and snout these figures are approxi- 

 mate only. 



