the Famili/ CichliJaj. 45 



slender or rather stoiif, compressed or cylindrical, uni- or bi- 

 cuspid, acute or obtuse. Occipital crest extendinnj forward 

 to posterior end ot" a median excavation of frontals ; parietal 

 crests ending between the orbits ; etiimoid suturaily united 

 "with or in contact with vomer ; nasals not or scarcely broader 

 posteriorly than anteriorly. Articular surface for Uj)per 

 pharyngeals transverse, entered by basiocci[)ital at the 

 postero-lateral angles. Vertebrae 29 to 34- (13-17 + 15-18) ; 

 third with a pair ot" inferior apophyses whicli unite below. 



Africa. 



This is the largest African genn«, including 14 of the 16 

 species placed by Boulenger in Ilaplocliromis, 8 (23-27, 30- 

 32) incbided by him in Pelmatochromis, at least 26 (10-12, 

 14-29, 37-38, 40-14) of the 53 referred to Paratilapia, and 

 the majority of the species with ctenoid scales phiced in 

 Ttlapia *. 



Haplochromis is represented in Tanganyika by one of the 

 forms grouped togetiier as //. desfotitamesii and by two 

 species placed by Boulenger in Tilapid, H. Jiorii and 

 H. hurtoni. 



19. EcTODUS, Bouleng., 1898 (type E.descampsii, Bouleng.). 



Dorsal XIII-XIV 13-15. Anal III 8-11. Outermost 

 pelvic rays longest. Scales denticulate, large (34—38) ; two 

 lateral lines. Mouth small, terminal ; maxillary concealed ; 

 teeth conical, in narrow bands, outer of lower jaw directed 



• The following genera are closely related to Haplochromis : — Lipo- 

 chromis, gen. nor. (type relmatochromis ubesus, Bouleng.). Lower jaw 

 shutting within upper. Nen(Jiro}iiis, pen. nov. (type Tilapia simotes, 

 Bouleng.). As Haplochromis, but teeth small, in bands, outer not 

 enlarged, bicuspid, inner tricuspid. Oncstrostoma, gen, nov. (typo Para- 

 tilapia polyodon, Bouleng.) ; jaws with broad bands of small conical 

 teeth, outer not enlarged. MijlochromiK, t^cw. nov. (type Tilapia latcri- 

 striya, Giinth.) ; middle pharyngeal teeth large and obtuse, sharply 

 differentiated from the other teeth, which are ."lender and bicuspid. 

 Saryochroinis, gen. nov. (type Paratilapia codringfoni, Bouleng.). Fourth 

 vertebra with interior apophyses that meet below ; pharyngeal teeth 

 stout and blunt; articular surlace for upper jiharyngeals nearly as broad 

 as long, its basioccipital portions nearly meeting behind parasphenoid. 

 Labrochromis, gen. rov. (type Tilapia pallida, I5ouIeng.); inferior apo- 

 physes on third vertebra formed as in JIaj>lochri>7nis ; pharyngeal teeth 

 and pharyngeal apopjiysis as in Sartjochromis. tSerranoc/irovns, gen. nov. 

 (type Chromya thumberyi, Casteln.) ; as Jlaplochrovtis, but interior 

 apophyses on fourth vertebra very small. Aslatoreochromis, I'ellegr. 

 (alliiaudi) ; 4 to (> anal spines ; pliaryngeal teeth large and obtuse. 

 Clinodon, gen. nov. (type Ileuiitilapia baijoni, Bouleng. J ; structure of 

 llaiylochromis, dentition of Hemitilajna. 



