84 Mr. A. W. Waters on 



one layer has ])oeii callecl Batopora stoliczhii, Rss."^, and in 

 very inauy localities both the first and mature stage haye 

 been found together. In sections, as in PL VI. fig. 4, the 

 two layers are clearly seen, and also the interesting fact 

 that the so-called "primordial Zelle^^ passes through the 

 two layers. This has now to be called a pit, and is homo- 

 logous with the pit in the Spharophora fossa of Hisswell. 

 There are numerous tubes from the neighbouring z(i02cia 

 l^assing to tlie pit, and these were well seen during the 

 ))rej)aration of the section ; also in S. fossa the large pores 

 in the pit were seen to pass into minute chambers in the 

 zoo3cia (PI. VI. figs. 2, 3). 



Kcuss considered that the colony grew from this pit, but 

 he had missed some points of structure, though, from a 

 manuscript left relating to B.rosula and which Manzonif 

 published, he clearly understood that there were two layers 

 iu a mature form. Koschinsky seems to have considered 

 that the conical form grew first and theu became globular, 

 but this is reyersing the process. 



I think that one of the small zooscia in the centre of the 

 first stage is the primary, and also in <S'. /o^^a the j)iin)ary 

 Avas probably some distance from the \ni. The base (jT the 

 cone may also be covered by a secondary zooecial growth. 

 The base of the cone usually shows the one row of radiating 

 zooecia, but I have one specimen showing two rows (Pi. VI. 

 fig- 5). 



B. muliiradiata is usually 2— 3 mm. in diameter, sometimes 

 showing the second layer as a cap (PI. VI. fig. 4a); this outer 

 layer is very irregular, being by no means always at the 

 apex, in one the edge oC the cap ends near to the pit. I have 

 collected it mature from Brendola, Val di Lonte, Montecchio 

 Maggiore, Priaboua, Malo, Ferrara di iNlonte Baldo, Creazzo 

 near Lonigo, Vilmezzano, ]Mazzurega, and the earlier or 

 stoliczkai stage from Brendola, Val di Lonte, Montecchio 

 Maggioie, Creazzo, Malo, Spiassi. 



The base of the cone has the zooecia arranged radially, 

 just as in Conescharellina, and between the two genera there 

 are only secondary differences on this surface, though iu 

 Conescharellina we are unaware of any case of the two layers, 

 nor is there any pit, though there seem to be cases of 



* Eeuss was very near this idea, for, speaking of B. tntiltu-adiata from 

 Yal di Lonte, lie says no other form is found and we canuot tlierefore 

 hold it for a higher iorm of Batopora. Since then I have found many 

 specimens of £. stoliczkai from Val di Lonte. 



t " Bri. foss. del. Mioc. d'Aust. ed Uu^h.," Denk. math. natw. Ak. der 

 AVissensch. "Wien, aoL xxxvii. p. 6, pi. ii. fig. 6 (1877). 



