13G Tiof. M'liitosli's Notes from the 



mav occur. A lai\2:e well-developed ovum may appear in 

 the ctielom and a male gonad iu the segment. 



In schizogony, in its asexual phase, it is exceptional to 

 find seven segments in the thorax. At the tenth abdominal 

 segment cepluilo-branchial proliferations occur with two new 

 segments of the thorax, instead of the three or four of the 

 oijzoite. No sexual elements a|;pear. In sch'izogoiui accom- 

 ))aiiied by sexuality male elements are found iu the al'(h)- 

 miual segments (9-10), such probably being a further stage 

 of the protandrous young. In the hermaphrodite forms the 

 elements are reduced in quantity — for instance, in a schizo- 

 nozoite of twenty segments. 



He makes the noteworthy remark that schizogonoiis indi- 

 vi(hials by their size and the nnuiber of their segments are 

 little advanced in age compared with the hermaphrodite 

 forms. Another fact is that when sexuality is prest.'iit it is 

 reduced male, female, or hermaphrodite. These are stages 

 in the march to complete hermaphroditism. 



Malaquin concludes that Salmacina ihjsteri. Huxley, 

 exhibits all the forms of sex\iality jiossihle. It, iiuleed, 

 shows a kind of indiffercntiation in sexuality, marked by the 

 absence of secondary sexual characters in the individual. 

 The sole character which distinguishes tlie phases from each 

 other is the position of the genital segments and their state 

 of advancement. Schizogony occupies the middle period of 

 the existence of the annelid. It is intercalated between the 

 two sexual |)eriods — protandrous or rarely female, or herma- 

 phrodite. The sexual period ultimately marks tiie end of 

 the evolutionary cycle in -S. dysteri. The exclnsive sexual 

 form is' hermaphroditism. In a certain number of these 

 the male elements predominate. It thus reap[)ea:s in the 

 life-cycle after its presence in the young oozoite. 



]Miss Pixell * (now Mrs. Go(jdrich) describes Salmacina 

 dysteri from Gough Island, in the Antarctic Sea, as occurrinu- 

 in fairly large masses. No buds were present. She also 

 finds the same species in various parts of the Indian 

 Ocean f. 



Fauvel J (1914) describes Filograna impleoca from the 

 Gulf of Gascoigne,. Monaco, and other sites, the agglome- 

 rated tubes forming considerable masses analogous to those 

 oi Salmacina dysteri, from which, he observes, the animal is 

 easily distinguished by its two opercula. The same author 

 alludes to Salmacina incrustans, the very fine tubes of whicii 



* Trans. Linn, Soc. vol. xvi. p. 87 (1913). 

 t Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. vol. xlix. p. 350 (1913). 

 X Campatr. Sc. Monaco, Fa.sc. xlvi, p. .327. I am much hulebted to 

 Prof. Faiivel tor S})e<Mmens and niemuirs. 



