256 THE AMERICAN MONTHLY [November, 



ark, N. J., by Prof. Edwards. In one stratum of tbis Leete's Isl- 

 and deposit, near tbe surface, it is so abundant and remarkable 

 as to occur profusely in three different types, which vary in mar- 

 ginal outline as well as in size and peculiarity of striation. With this 

 are also Surirella striatula, Navicula elliptica, N. constricta, Pin- 

 nularia aistuarii, etc., in abundance. In direct contact with the 

 above stratum is another, in which the chief forms are large 

 Coscinodiscus, Actinoptychus, Triceratium favus, Eupodiscus 

 Argus, Amphitetras, etc. 



About five feet below the surface is a stratum containing abun- 

 dant Navicula, many small varieties, with Navicula permagna, N. 

 maculata, smaller type, Pleurosigma Americana, PI. Balticum, 

 PI. affine, with Scoliopleura, Amphora, Raphoneis, &c. 



The stratum containing S. Febigerii has also an extraordinary 

 abundance of very minute forms, including many varieties of 

 Coscinodiscus and of Biddulphia ; other strata have only heavy 

 forms, large Coscinodiscus, Actinoptychus, Triceratium, Aula- 

 codiscus, Eupodiscus Argus, Stephanopyxis valida, Steph. ferox, 

 etc. 



I was unable to explore Leete's Island Creek, as the upper mead- 

 ows were flooded in consequence of the upheaval and disturb- 

 ance caused by the pressure of the railroad embankment. 



Leete's Island Bay contains a deposit in which large Coscino- 

 discus, Triceratium, Actinoptychus, Eupodiscus Argus, and other 

 heavy forms are most plentiful ; it contains also Pleurosigma de- 

 corum of the same type as that at Morris Cove, but not so abund- 

 ant. More particular mention is deferred to a subsequent paper. 



Human Saliva and Pathogenic Micro-organisms of the 

 Mouth. — Dr. G. Sanarelli concludes ( Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. 

 u. Parasitenk.^ A', i8g2), from a series of experiments, that 

 human saliva is a very unfavorable cultivation medium for certain 

 pathogenic microbes, since it possesses the power of destroying 

 them more or less quickly unless their number be too great ; and 

 that although it permits the development of certain species 

 (^Pneumococciis) ^ it alters their type and renders them weak or 

 even inert. 



The saliva was obtained from various healthy individuals, and 

 was then passed through a Chamberland's filter into test-tubes, 

 each having ro-15 ccm. The fluid in these tubes was then in- 

 oculated from cultivations of the following micro-organisms : St. 

 pyogenes aureus^ St. pyogenes., Bact. Diphtherice., M. tetra- 

 genus., Pneutnococcus., B. typhostis., cholera spirillum. 



To Remove Oil and Grease from Whetstones. — The 



process consists in stirring up whitening with water and applying 

 it with a brush to the whetstone, which has been warmed in an 

 oven. — Zeit.f. Wiss. M 



