Adeonella (Laminopora) contoitn, itc. 493 



advisable, for it is a group of great importance now, and 

 was in past times, so that when fully examined it maj 

 receive a position higher than that of a family. Some other 

 points will be dealt within forthcomitig papers, and drawings 

 have been made, but as yet material is not available for 

 comj)lete studies. 



There are a number of bilaminate species of Bryozoa, 

 most of which are strongly pigmented, either purple-violet or 

 dark brown : there are long ]H)re-tubes from the inside of the 

 zooecium to the surface and similar pores connecting the 

 zooecia ; there are triangular* avicularia on the front of the 

 zooecia, and also frequently vicarious avicularia, both without 

 any transverse bar. These vicarious avicularia often occur 

 on the lateral borders of the zoarium. There are no raised 

 ovicells, and the embryo which is surrounded by a thick- 

 walled sac is usually very large, developing in zooecia which 

 in some species are larger than the others, while in other 

 species there is no difference in size. No oral glands have 

 been found !• 



Busk attempted to deal with the group in his * Challenger ' 

 Report, and created the genus Adeonella, but it has been 

 seen that his grouping must be largely modified even where 

 retained. 



I + showed that in his Adeonella there were species in wdiich 

 the pore entered into the zooecial chamber, while in otliers 

 the pore is above the operculum ; also in some the operculum 

 is nearly straight on the proximal border, in others there is a 

 broad curve showing that there is a wide sinus on tlie 

 aperture. I am now able to add that the species in which 

 the operculum is nearly straight or slightly curved also have 

 in nearly all cases a pore or perforated area entering into the 

 zooecial chamber, and this group has been called Adeonel- 

 lopsis § by MacGillivray, and w^e may expect it to be 



* I have a specimen from S. Africa which I consider is the Adeona 

 intermedia, Kirchenpauer, which has, besides ordinary triangular avicu- 

 laria, large chambers at the side of the fenestrse directed laterally, and 

 closed by a chitinous cover with an absolutely straight lower ed"-e' and 

 semicircular distal end. This is probably an avicularium similar to that 

 of Schizojx>rella linearis. Busk had the same species from Australia and 

 gave it the manuscript name Adeanella inaquali^. 99. 7. 1. 27 oQ, B. Mus 



t 1 have found no embryo in specimens of Beania mayellanica B.' 

 from Naples, but sections of a specimen from Chatham Island conta'in a 

 very large embryo with a thick-walled sac nearly filling the zooecium. 



\ " Chil.Bry.from Aldinga and the River Mui-ray Cliflfs, S. Australia," 

 Quart. Jouru. Geol. Soc. vol. xli. p. 282 (1885) ; "Suppl. Report on the 

 Polyzoa," Rep. Voyage of the ' Challenger,' vol. xsxi. pt. Ixxix. pp 2 & 

 33(1889). 



^ Levinsen in his ''Studies on Bryozoa" called this Lnhopom.hwi 

 in his large work dropped the genu«, as it is superfluous. 



