iv CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Mesichthyes (Intermediate Teleosts) 204 



Iniomi (Scopeloids) 204 



Lyomeri (Gulpers) 212 



Haplomi (Pikes, etc.) 214 



Microcyprini (Top-minnows, etc.) 216 



Synentognathi (Needle-fish, Flying-fish, etc.) 221 



Thoracostei (Sticlilebacks, Tube-mouths, Sea-horses, etc.) . 224 



AcANTHOPTERYGii (Spiny-finncd Teleosts) 231 



Salmopercse 232 



Berycoidei 233 



Percoidei (Bass, Perch, Snappers, Sparids, Cichlids, Wrasses, etc.) 237 



Percesoces (Barracudas, Silversides, Gray Mullets) 261 



Labyrinthici (Snakeheads, Climbing Perches, etc.) 269 



Zeoidei (John Dory, Boar-fish, etc.) 271 



Chaetodontoidei (Butterfly-fishes, Angel-fishes, etc.) •. . . 274 



Balistoidei (Acanthurids, Zanclids, Siganids, Teuthids, Plectognaths) 279 



Allotriognathi (Opah, Oar-fish, etc.) 295 



Scombroidei (Crevalles, Mackerel, Tunnies, etc.) 300 



Discocephali (Sucking-disc Fishes) 319 



Scorpaenoidei (Rock-fishes, Cottids, Gurnards, etc.) 321 



Heterosomata (Flatfishes, Soles) 344 



Gobioidei (Gobies) 346 



Symbranchii 350 



Opisthomi (Mastacembelids) 353 



Ammodytoidei (Sand-lances) 354 



Trachinoidei (Notothenes, Weavers, Star-gazers, Dragonets, etc.) 356 



Xenopterygii (Cling-fishes) 371 



Blennioidei (Blennies, Brotulids, etc.) 374 



Anacanthini (Cods, etc.) 379 



Haplodoci (Toad-fishes) 382 



Pediculati (Anglers, Sea-mice, Sea-bats) 386 



Tentative Phylogeny of the Principal Skull Types 411 



The Fish Skull as a Natural Mechanism 412 



Form and Evolution of the Branchiocranium 412 



Adaptive Radiation of the Mouth and Its Parts 415 



Dimensional Factors in the Mouth Region 419 



The Suspensorium 421 



The Dentition 423 



Protrusility 424 



The Branchial Arches 424 



Muscles of the Branchial Arches and Jaws 425 



The Opercular Elements 425 



Embryology of Jaws, Hyoid Arch and Opercular Series 427 



Form and Evolution of the Neurocranium 431 



Mutual Adjustment of Head and Body 431 



Stream-lining 431 



Differential Growth Rates — Extrinsic and Intrinsic 432 



