HARDY FLOWERS 81 



Autumn Planting 



In the Autumn most perennials can be transplanted successfully 

 if set out in time so that their roots get established before cold weather. 

 If perennials must be moved in full growth they should always be cut 

 back; especially is this the case when much soil is removed from the 

 roots. AH newly set stock should be watered. There is usually less 

 work in Autumn than in the Spring, hence this season is often preferred 

 for planting. 



Cultivation 



Through the growing season the surface soil should be loosened so 

 that air may enter in order to encourage root action, as well as to con- 

 serve the moisture, and keep the weeds in check. Under the heading 

 of "Lawns" we have mentioned the value of lawn clippings as a Sum- 

 mer mulch to conserve moisture. We very strongly recommend well 

 decayed stable manure and leaf mold, where these are obtainable. 



Watering 



Watering, although beneficial, is less necessary if the soil is always 

 kept loose. In dry seasons watermay beapplied,usingplentyatonetime. 

 Little drippings of water are bad for all plants, for such a method of 

 watering only destroys the surface looseness. Syringing the foHage is 

 beneficial; in many cases it serves to keep insects in check if done 

 vigorously. Wherever possible, water pipes should be laid with faucets 

 at regular intervals for use in the garden. 



Staking 



Many of the perennials will become tall and some support will be 

 necessary. Do not make it conspicuous. Paint the stake green and tie 

 with green cord or raffia, but do not use an old mop handle nor tie with 

 brilliant calico. A light, but long stake placed at the center of the 

 plant is effective. Twiggy branches of trees may also be used. In that 

 case scarcely any tying is needed. Let the stakes be placed early; 

 when the plants have made a great growth they cannot be effectively 

 supported, so that a natural appearance is lost. The whole beauty of a 

 garden is frequently marred by the absence of stakes or a poor method 

 of staking. 



Removal of Old Flowers and Seed Pods 



All old flowers, seed pods and dead leaves should be removed from 

 time to tune. They should be burned. Old flowers harbor thrips, a 



