294 GARDEN GUIDE 



purpose. For more extensive operations a wheel outfit with tank holding 

 twenty-five gallons is desirable, especially in the vegetable garden. A 

 barrel pump is essential to obtain sufficient power to spray large fruit trees 

 and special power outfits are now being used in large orchards, potato fields, 

 and for spraying shade and woodland trees. Nearly all pump manufac- 

 turers make outfits corresponding to those just mentioned. For under leaf 

 spraying, a pipe, bent at a right angle, with a nozzle near the elbow, is 

 essential. 



For dusting, the grower may purchase a powder gun or a shaker, ac- 

 3ording to the amount of work to be done. In the small garden, a shaker 

 may be improvised by punching small holes in a tin can, or by shaking the 

 poison through the meshes of a cheesecloth bag. 



Lead Arsenate should be kept on hand, preferably in the dry or pow- 

 dered form. This may be applied either as a dust or as a spray and keeps 

 in better condition than the paste, which is apt to become frozen, or lumpy 

 from drying, or to corrode the container. The dry form may be kept in- 

 definitely. Some standard nicotine preparation should also be kept in 

 slock for dilution, to be used against sucking insects. 



Most of the other materials herein mentioned may be procured as 

 needed from the local seed or hardware store, or from druggists. In large 

 operations home mixing is usually more satisfactory and economical, but 

 the small grower will often prefer to buy ready prepared insecticides, and 

 he should find them satisfactory if put out by reputable manufacturers, 

 and if he follows directions. 



Materials Used to Control Insect Pests 



Stomach Poisons — To Kill Chewing Insects 



To be used in the proportion of 

 LEAD 3 lbs. paste, or l>o lbs. dry powder lead arsenate. 



ARSENATE 50 gallons water. 



Apply as a spray. The dry powder may also be sifted upon the plants 



A vegetable powder to be sifted upon the plants or to be mixed 



HELLEBORE with water, 1 ounce in 2 gallons, and applied as a spray. Hellebore 



loses its value on long standing. Hence fresh stock should always 



be purchased from the wholesale druggist, and it should be kept in a tightly-stoppered 



container. 



Wheat bran 5 lbs. 



POISONED Paris green or white arsenic 4 oz. 



BRAN Lemon or orange 1 fruit 



MASH Molasses 1 pint 



Water 7 pints 



Mix bran and poison together, dry. Squeeze juice of lemon into water and then cut 

 pulp and peel into fine pieces and add to water, then add molasses and stir. Add syrup to 

 bran and mix thoroughly. To kill cutworms the mash should be scattered oyer the field 

 iust before dark, preferably a few days before the plants are set. Also effective in killing 

 grasshoppers. 



Contact Insecticides — To Kill Sucking Insects 



COMMERCIAL 1 part lime-sulphur ) For dormant or Winter spray to kill San 



LIME-SULPHUR 9 parts water j Jose scale. 



3/2 pint (40 per cent, nicotine sulphate) 

 NICOTINE 50 gallons water or 1 teaspoonful in a gallon. 



SOLUTION 2 pounds common soap. 



May be added to any of the other sprays mentioned herein by 

 omitting the soap. 

 COMMON SOAP 1 pound common laundry soap. 

 AND WATER 8 gallons water. 



